6 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
5. maximum, and S, Anacampseros, and one Rhodiola, the ubiquitous 
S. roseum — if we except S. quadrifidum, which spreads from Arctic 
Asia just into Russia. Almost all the perennial species are in culti- 
vation, though in some cases very rarely ; a few Balkan and Greek 
plants are yet unknown in gardens. Some of the annual plants are 
found in gardens, but the pretty blue S. coeruleum is the only one 
of value. 
In our own islands eight species are undoubtedly native — namely, 
roseum, Telephium, album, anglicum, acre, reflexum, rupestre,. villosum. 
Several others, such as dasyphyllum and sexangulare, are naturalized. 
Most of our native species have been spread by human agency much 
beyond their original native limits. 
Literature. — Nyman, "Conspectus Florae Europeae," and Sup- 
plements. 
Africa. 
The Mediterranean littoral yields a number of the familiar species 
of southern Europe, and also some endemic plants, such as S. multiceps 
(well known in cultivation) and the curious 5. tuberosum. A few 
species occur on the mountains of Abyssinia, and one or two others 
have recently been discovered as far south as the Equator, on Mt. 
Ruwenzori. R. Hamet reduces * the nine species which have been 
described from the interior of Africa to five — namely, abyssinicum 
Hamet, Meyeri- Johannes Engler, ruwenzoriense Baker fil., Epiden- 
drum Hochstetter, sediforme Hamet. None of these is known in 
cultivation. 
The Atlantic Islands. 
Madeira yields three species of Sedum — S. farinosum Lowe (possibly 
an extreme form of the European album) and two yellow-flowered 
species, fusiforme and nudum, apparently related to those of Central 
Africa and Central America. The Canaries possess 5. lancerottense 
(closely allied to the Madeiran nudum) and the Mediterranean annual 
rubens ; possibly also a third species undescribed (a poor specimen 
in Herb. Kew.). Of the above, nudum and lancerottense are in culti- 
vation. 
The Caucasus. 
The Caucasian region is particularly interesting as being the 
headquarters of two very distinct sections of the genus — the group 
Involucrata of Marschall von Bieberstein, of which the familiar 
spurium is a characteristic example ; and the still more distinct little 
group of the Sempervivoides. Most of these are confin&d to the 
Caucasus, but a few are found in the adjoining regions of Asia Minor or 
Persia. The Involucrata number half a dozen species, with roundish, 
fiat, mostly opposite leaves and red or white flowers. Of these, 
spurium is very widespread in cultivation, with crimson, pink, or 
♦ In litt., Herb. Brit. Museum. 
