326 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
introduction of ' Crimson Rambler ' by Mr. Turner in 1893, and the 
Wichuraiana group headed by ' Dorothy Perkins/ 1901. 
The highest development of this form is, I think, to be found in 
the Tea Section, which have been rightly named the aristocrats of 
the race. For instances, I may take * Mrs. Herbert Stevens ' of 
the looser type of flower, and ' Maman Cochet ' and the ' Bride ' 
(the latter now chiefly grown under glass) of the full-fiowered type. 
To my fancy, the form of the high-centred flower somewhat re- 
sembles in outline that of the opening bud of the single Rose, but it 
will retain its beauty of form in favourable circumstances for two 
or three days in place of as many hours as go to the life of the bud 
form of the single Rose. 
If this be so, we find the greatest beauty of form at the two ends, 
or perhaps the beginning and end, of the scale of evolution. In few, 
if any, Roses are the petals even approximately fiat. They are in 
nearly all cases more or less rounded or boat-shaped. Consequently 
in the open flower the petals are either incurved and concentrically 
arranged, or the petals bend outwards instead of inwards, the upper 
edges, particularly in the outer petals, are rolled backwards by the 
growth from below, and we get the reflexed type of flower. The 
reflexed type being generally preferred, a custom has arisen amongst 
many exhibitors of manipulating flowers of the incurved type so as 
to make the petals bend outwards instead of inwards as they would 
naturally do, and the flower as shown ceases to represent the true 
form of the variety as we see it growing on the plant in the garden. 
A little assistance to enable the flower to open and in the removal 
of stained or injured petals is legitimate enough, but in the interests 
of the public who are likely to purchase plants from seeing them at 
our shows, it is desirable that the rule against over-dressing so as to 
alter the character of the flowers should be strictly enforced. 
I may refer to one more point on the question of form. Some 
Roses seem nearly always to produce well-formed flowers throughout 
the season, others may do so only at the summer-flowering, while 
others, again, will do so only under the highest conditions of cultivation, 
or will produce a large quantity of flowers, only some of which are 
pleasing. 
A Rose that will produce well-shaped flowers uniformly through- 
out the season possesses great advantages for garden purposes over 
one that will only do so occasionally, and several of the decorative 
Hybrid Teas and Teas possess this quaUty. We find it in 'Mrs. 
Herbert Stevens,' 'Alexander Hill Gray,' * Mme. Henri Berger,' 
'Mme. Abel Chatenay,' 'Mrs. E. G. Hill,' 'Mrs. Wemyss Quin,' and 
' Mme. Leon Pain,' in a greater or lesser degree ; also in the summer- 
flowering Hybrid Tea, 'Paul's Lemon Pillar,' while ' Richmond,' ' Prince 
de Bulgarie,' ' Joseph Hill,' and ' General Mc Arthur ' usually give 
us well-shaped flowers in early summer and again in autumn, the 
second flowering in late summer flowers being less satisfactory in 
this respect. 
