NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 
NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 
[For Index to Abbreviations, etc., see last volume,] 
Abelia longituba Rehder. By W. B. Turrill {Bot. Mag. t. 8810 ; Sept. 1919).— 
China. Discovered by Dr. Henry. It is a shrub nearly allied to A . uniflora, 
flowers very freely in late summer, with rather wide tubular flowers of a rose 
colour with brighter bracts on the reddish peduncle. — F. J. C. 
Acacia spectabilis Cunn. By J. Hutchinson {Bot. Mag. t. 8860, Sept. 1920). — 
A glaucous-leaved species, rather straggling in habit, producing yellow flowers 
very freely in the Temperate House at Kew in spring. Native of sub-tropical 
East Australia. — -F. /. C. 
Allium sikkimense Baker. By C. H. Wright {Bot. Mag. t. 8858, Sept. 1920). — 
A blue-flowered species from Sikkim, with a cylindrical bulb. — F. J. C. 
Aphides and Frost. By J. G. Blakey {Gard. Chron., Feb. 14, 1920, p. 78; 
12 figs.). — Observations on the frost-resisting powers of several species, showing 
that they are less liable to injury by cold than is generally believed. — E. A. B. 
Aphis saliceti (Kaltenbach), On the Sexual Forms of. By Maud D. Haviland 
{Ann. App. Biology, vol. vi. no. 4, April 1920, pp. 311-313). — A description is 
given of the male and oviparous female of Aphis saliceti which appear in mid- 
summer, instead of in the autumn, as is usual with aphides. Parallel instances 
are recorded, but the records are rare. — G. F. W. 
Apple Blotch. By A. D. Selby {U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Ohio, Bull. 333, Feb. 1919, 
pp. 492-506 • 5 figs.). 
Apple Blotch Control. By A. J. Gunderson {U.S.A. Exp. Stn. III., Bull. 
222, Sept. 1919, pp. 550-572). — This disease is caused by the fungus Phyllo 
sticta solitaria E. & E., and may attack ^the leaves and twigs as well as the 
fruit. The life-history of the fungus has not yet been established, but it is known 
that the fungus lives over the winter in the cankers formed on the twigs. These 
cankers produce numerous pycnidia, liberating large numbers of spores which 
can readily infect neighbouring trees. The varieties least susceptible are ' Maiden's 
Blush,' ' Grimes' Golden,' ' Rome Beauty,' ' Stayman Winesap,' ' Jonathan,' and 
' York Imperial,' and these varieties are suggested for planting in Ohio. 
The second paper details the various spraying experiments for the control 
of this disease during 1916, 1917, and 1918 in Illinois, and it is suggested that 
spraying should be done about three weeks after the fall of the blossoms. A 
second spraying might usefully follow two or three weeks later. Lime sulphur 
spraying fluid was found to be more effective than Bordeaux mixture. — A. B. 
Apple Breeding in Canada. By W. T. Macon n {Am. Pom. Sac, 191 7, 
pp. 11-27 .* 2 plates) .—This paper gives the methods and results of the attempts 
being made to produce hardier varieties. The main lines have been the crossing 
of Pyrus haccata with pollen from the best and hardiest existing kinds, and the 
raising of seedlings from some of the hardiest Russian varieties. — A. P. 
Apple Flakes. By W. P. James {Agr. Exp. Sta. Illinois, Circ. No. 213, 
pp. 1-8 ; 2 figs.). — The most satisfactory way of drying apples is to cut the apple 
into flakes by means of an apple-peeler ; dust the surfaces with sugar and dry 
in a current of air at 120° F. for twelve hours. Prepared in this way, 
the characteristic flavour of the apple is retained and no discoloration occurs. 
The product is packed in cartons with parafiin wrapper. The flakes may be 
ground to powder and preserved in bottles or capsules, or the powder may be 
compressed into cakes, dipped in syrup and wrapped in tinfoil and used as a 
sweetmeat. — S. E. W. 
