24 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



flesh into very thin, long slices, in which state it can be kept for a 

 considerable length of time. 



Nataniame (Canavallia ensiforniis). — The horse bean is mainly 

 cultivated for the sake of its hard pod, which is the largest of its kind 

 among leguminous plants. It also is pickled. 



Fuji llamt (Dolichos eultratus), a variety of horse beaD, is also 

 extensively grown. 



Sasage (Dolichos urubellatush another variety of horse bean. — The 

 edible part of this plant is the young pod, which is sometimes three feet 

 long. 



Kibi (Zea Mays), Indian corn, is not much grown, though it has 

 been in cultivation from olden times. New kinds are being introduced 

 from England. France, and America. 



■1. Vegetables foe Flavoubesg. 



Orandazeri (Apium Petroselinum). — Parsley has only been recently 

 introduced to the country, and is not used in Japanese cookery. 



Togarashi (Capsicum annuum). — Chili pepper is not a native of Japan, 

 but was introduced by the Portuguese about the sixteenth century. It is 

 now cultivated to a considerable extent. A certain variety which bears 

 large fruit is often used as a decorative plant in pots on account of the 

 bright red colour of its fruit. Another species called ' Taka-no-Tsume ' 

 is gathered when ripe, then dried ; the dried fruits are largely exported. 

 I bebeve the pepper used in this country is made to some extent from 

 these varieties. 



Shoga (Zingiber officinale^. — Ginger has been known for g?nerations ; 

 its young subterranean roots are eaten either raw or pickled, and are 

 appreciated as a stimulant to the appetite. The dried roots are exported 

 as a material for confectionery. 



Ni?iniku (Allium Scorodoprasum\ — This garlic is found in small 

 quantities in Japan. 



TTasabi DaiJcon (Cochlearia Armoracia). — The horse-radish was in- 

 troduced not long ago, but as there is a similar plant, a native of Japan, 

 which contains more pungent properties, it is not much used. 



Wasabi (Alliaria Wasabi or Sisymbrium), hedge mustard, is the 

 substitute for horse-radish. As this plant is only grown in shallow 

 brooks among the mountains where the temperature does not change to 

 any large extent throughout the year, and, moreover, as it requires water 

 fresh from the springs, the localities for its cultivation are limited. The 

 neighbourhood of the province of Tokyo Izu is noted for the excellency of 

 its produce. 



Tade (Polygonum barbatum). — The edible part of this plant is the leaf. 

 In the Osaka locality it is propagated from seed and is grown by forcing. 



Hamabofu (Phellopterus littoralis) is generally produced by forcing, 

 and both leaves and stalks are edible. 



Fungi. 



YoJ:in (Agarieus campestris\ Mushrooms. — On account of the beds 

 being manured with horse droppings, mushrooms are not much liked 

 by the people. Their introduction is quite new. 



