300 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The following suggestions are made : 



1. Bitter rot can be completely controlled by proper applications of 

 Bordeaux mixture. 



2. Four applications, made at the right time, are sufficient to control 

 the disease ; but in order to be sure, one or two additional applications 

 may be necessary. 



3. The applications should be made at intervals of two weeks, begin- 

 ning about six weeks after the trees blossom. 



4. It is necessary to spray the trees thoroughly, coating the fruit on 

 all sides with fine mist-like applications. 



5. Other diseases, such as scab, leaf -spot, and sooty blotch, may . be 

 controlled in connection with the treatment of bitter rot. — M. C. G. 



Apple, Black Spot Or Scab. By D. McAlpine {Dep. Agr. Victoria, 

 Bull. 17, 8/04; figs.). — A revised edition of Bull. 3 (see Joukn. R.H.S. 

 xxvii. 724). The best preventive is spraying with Bordeaux mixture 

 (best results obtained by use of 6 lbs. of copper sulphate and 4 lbs. quick- 

 lime to 40 gallons of water). The copper soda spray (6 lbs. copper sul- 

 phate and 9 lbs. washing soda to 50 gallons of water) also gave good 

 results. The proper time to spray is just when the buds are bursting, 

 and this first spray should be followed up by a second about ten days 

 after the first, or, at any rate, immediately after the petals have fallen. 



F. J. C. 



Apple Crown-gall and Hairy Root. By George G. Hedgcock 

 (I7.iS.il. Dep. Agr. Bull. 90, Feb. 21, 1906; 3 plates).— This is a pre- 

 liminary report, sent out for the purpose of calling the attention of apple- 

 tree growers to the different diseases hitherto known as apple crown-gall, 

 and to endeavour to interest them in the collection of data regarding the 

 predisposition of varieties to these diseases. Hence it is mainly descriptive 

 of two distinct diseases — crown-gall and hairy root. — M. C. C. 



Apple Maggot, The. By F. W. Card and A. E. Stene (U.S.A. 

 Exp. Stn. Maine, Bept. 1904, pp. 191-201).— This pest (Trypeta pomo- 

 nella Walsh) is very troublesome in Rhode Island, tunnelling into the 

 fruit and rendering it worthless. The egg is deposited under the skin of 

 the apple in July by a two- winged fiy, which is slightly smaller than a house- 

 fly, and has its wings marked with irregular black bands. After feeding 

 in the fruit, the larva leaves it, enters the ground, and there pupates about 

 one inch below the surface. The destruction of all windfalls is at present 

 the only remedy that is at all efficient, various treatments of the soil 

 having proved quite insufficient to cause the destruction of the pupa?. 



F. J. C. 



Apple Pests (U.S.A. Exp. Stn.; Spec. Bull, 21, 4/1904).— It is 

 reported that a mixture of arsenite of lime and Bordeaux mixture, used as 

 a spray, proved as effective against codlin moth and "apple fungus" as 

 Paris green and Bordeaux mixture, and very much cheaper. Experiments 

 are being carried out to test the efficiency of a dry dressing of arsenite 

 and Bordeaux mixture, but have not been carried far enough to allow of 

 any recommendation being made. — F. J. C. 



