NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



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Cacalia tuberosa. By W. B. Hemsley (Bot. Mag. tab. 8022).— 

 Nat. ord. Composite, tribe Senecionidece ; North America. A robust 

 perennial scabious herb, leaves heathery, ovate, 5-7-ribbed, with stalks 

 2 ft. long. Flower-heads 5-flowered, corolla and anthers yellow. — G. H. 



Cacao, Fungoid Diseases. By L. Lewton-Brain, B.A., F.L.S. 

 (W. Ind. Bull. vol. vi. No. 1, 1905). — This paper records the stem 

 diseases, pod diseases, and "thread blight" affecting the cacao tree, 

 with some additional information on the latter under the designation of 

 "witch broom," and concluding with a bibliography. — M. C. C. 



Cacao, Insects attacking Cacao in the West Indies. By 



Henry A. Ballou, B.Sc. (W. Ind. Bull, vol. vi. No. 1, 1905).— The 

 insects enumerated are the cacao beetle, cacao thrips, and other insects, 

 with suggestions as to their destruction. — M. C. C. 



Cactus Scab (Diplodia Opuntice). By G. Massee (Gard. Chron. 

 No. 972, p. 125, fig. 44, Aug. 12, 1905).— The identity of this fungus has 

 remained in doubt until the present time, " when the fungus was found 

 in fruit by Mr. A. Worsley, who has had the disease under observation 

 for many years." The fungus causes a discoloration of the leaves round 

 a number of minute wart-like growths, which are sterile. No means of 

 destroying this pest is mentioned. — G. S. S. 



Cadaloena spectabilis. By C. H. Wright (Bot. Mag. tab. 7992).— 

 Nat. ord. Scitaminece, tribe Zingiberece ; Tropical Africa. This has 

 very large yellow flowers, with obovate, bright green, red-edged leaves, 

 2-9 in. long and broad. — G. H. 



Calla, Soft Rot Of. By M. C. C. (Gard. Chron. No. 941, p. 9, 

 Jan. 7, 1905). — A short account of this disease, which has been found to 

 be caused by one of the bacteria (Bacillus aroidece), is given by Dr. Cooke. 

 This organism also infests such plants as the carrot, potato, turnip, 

 radish, cabbage, and cauliflowers, and the fruits of the tomato, egg-plant, 

 and cucumber. — G. S. S. 



Camellia-tree of Pillnitz (Die Gart. No. 17, p. 203, Jan. 21, 1905). 

 In Saxony this tree is as famous, as the old vine of Hampton Court is 

 in this country. It is one of the oldest of double-flowered camellias in 

 Europe, producing yearly many thousands of flowers. Though sheltered 

 by hills on the banks of the river Elbe, the climate is very severe, a 

 wooden house is built over the tree every winter and heated when absolutely 

 necessary. This house caught fire accidentally, and it was feared the tree 

 was killed. In a note, dated November 11, the tree is said to be showing 

 signs of a vigorous new growth. — G. B. 



Canada, Fruit in (Exp. Farms Bept., Ottaiva, 1904).— The 

 report by Mr. W. J. Macoun on experimental fruit-growing in Canada 

 contains some useful information on trees hardy in certain districts of 

 Canada, reports on shipments to Europe, reports on seedling fruits, 

 diseases of grapes in Ontario, and on cover crops for orchards (horse- 

 beans were found useful, since they are killed in winter and may easily be 



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