306 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



ploughed in — clover and vetch are not quite so useful in Canada). Some 

 other crops are also dealt with. — F. J. C. 



Canning 5 Fruits and Vegetables, Notes on. By W. B. Allwood 

 (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Virginia, Bull. 146 ; 3 1903). — A general account of 

 the principles underlying the process of canning is given. Particular 

 directions as to canning tomatoes, beans, sugar corn, apples, and plums 

 are given in full detail. — F. J. C. 



Cassia granitiea. By E. G. Baker (Journ. Bot. 506, pp. 45-6 ; 

 2/1905). — Description of a new species — a fair-sized, free-flowering tree — 

 allied to C. abbreviata, with golden-yellow blossoms, found by Mr. Eyles 

 on granite at an altitude of over 4,400 feet, near Buluwayo. — G. S. B. 



Catasetum Christyanum <$ . By R. A. Rolfe (Bot. Mag. tab. 8007). 

 Nat. ord. OrcJiidacece, tribe Vandece ; Amazon district. A tufted epiphyte, 

 about 1 ft. high. Flowers 4 in. across, light green, heavily blotched 

 with red-brown ; lip 3-lobed ; margin deeply fimbriate. — G. H. 



Cellular Structures, Evolution of. By 0. F. Cook and W. T. 

 Swingle (U.S.A. Dep. Agr. Bur. PI. Ind. Bull. 81, 1905).— Emphasises 

 sexuality as a mechanism of evolution. Species are to be interpreted as 

 sexual phenomena, come to be what they are only through symbiosis ; 

 that is, as groups of interbreeding individuals, travelling together along 

 the evolutionary pathway. — F. A. W. 



Chestnut Weevils, etc. By F. H. Chittenden (U.S.A. Dep. Agr. 

 Div. Entom. Bull. 44, pp. 24-43). — The loss arising from the attacks of 

 weevils in sweet chestnuts amounts to from 20 to 25 per cent, of the 

 whole crop. The two weevils causing most damage are Balaninus pro- 

 boscideus Fab. and B. rectus Say. Full descriptions of all stages of these 

 insects, and accounts of their habits, are given. The hickory-nut weevil 

 (B. caryce Horn.) is also described. The beetle bores through the outer 

 husk of the nut with its long proboscis, feeding on the young growing 

 nut ; eggs are then deposited in the hole, and the larva? feed on the sub- 

 stance of the nut. When full fed the larva? make their way into the soil, 

 where they hibernate and become pupa? the following year, emerging as 

 perfect insects in June or July. Fumigating with carbon bisulphide, 

 plunging the nuts in boiling water, or heating to between 125° to 150° 

 as soon as gathered destroys the contained larva? and checks further 

 injury to the nuts, without in any way affecting the nuts themselves. 

 The best preventives are careful harvesting and co-operation in order to 

 give attention to wild chestnuts in the vicinity of the plantations. A 

 note is also given on the acorn moth (Holocera glandulella Riley). 



F. J. C. 



Chinese Note-Book, Leaves from a. By E. H. Wilson (Gard. 

 Chron. No. 962, p. 337, fig. 138, June 3, 1905, and continued in several 

 subsequent numbers). — In this series of articles Mr. Wilson gives an 

 account of his wanderings in Central China in search of plants for 

 Messrs. Veitch & Co. of Chelsea. In these abstracts, however, it is 



