318 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Fruit Industry at Barbados. By J. R. BoveU, F.L.S. (W. Lid. 

 Bull. vol. vi. No. 2, 1905). — The fruit which is exported in the largest 

 quantities is the banana, of which details and statistics are given. 

 Following are mangoes, avccado pears, citrus fruit, and golden apple. 

 The best mangoes were reported as sold in Londcn at Is. 0>d. each. In 

 some instances the consignments arrived in splendid condition ; in others 

 the whole consignment had rotted. It is hoped that a better knowledge of 

 the right temperature at which to carry them may render their shipment 

 remunerative. — M. C. C. 



Fruits, Promising- New. By W. A. Taylor (U.S.A. Dep. Agr. Year 

 Book, 1901, p. 399 ; plates). — This long and valuable article commences 

 by pointing out the importance of fruit-growers keeping in touch with the 

 advances made in cultivation and in raising new varieties. Among the 

 new kinds of fruits described and illustrated are the £ Blcomfield ' apple, 

 handsome in appearance, excellent in quality, and an abundant annual 

 bearer ; the ' Rcssney ' pear, rich and juicy, gocd quality and appearance ; 

 the 1 Perfection ' currant, which was raised from seed of the 1 Fay,' the 

 blossoms of which were crossed with ' White Grape,' bearing clusters of 

 fruit, bright crimson in colour, tender and juicy, good quality both for 

 dessert and cooking. The ' Delmas Persimmon ' and various pecans are 

 also carefully described. — V. J. M. 



Fruit Trees Frozen in 1904. By M. B. Waite ( U.S.A. Dep. Agr. 

 Bur. PL Ind. Bull. 51 ; plates). — From observations made after a very 

 destructive frcst, growers are advised not to be in too great a hurry to cut 

 down either peach or pear trees until they have made sure that they are 

 frozen past recovery. If the bark is entirely blackened and dead and 

 separated from the trunk, if the wood has turned a very dark brown 

 colour, and if the injury extends up the limbs, the trees are dead beyond 

 all question ; but if the bark is still adhering or is only partially separated 

 from the wood, the chances of recovery are good. The hardiest portions 

 of a peach tree are the cambium layer, a thin film of vital tissue between 

 the bark and the wocd, and the leaf-buds. If the former of these is 

 uninjured it will carry the elaborated sap downwards from the leaves, the 

 dead wood, if it remains moist, being able to conduct the crude sap 

 upwards, and so, in time, increasing layers of new wood are formed, and 

 the tree is preserved for several years cf profitable life. Good cultivation 

 and fertilisation, and only very moderate pruning, are recommended to 

 enable the tree to grow out of the injury. Nursery trees and quite old trees 

 proved the most liable to fatal injury ; but even these were sometimes 

 uninjured below the snow-line, and, if low-headed- trees were not objected 

 to, could be cut down and started again from this point. 



Plums and pears showed injuries of the same nature as those of the 

 peach trees, but pears proved the most unlikely of the three to recover. 



M. L. H. 



Fruit Trees, On the Forms of. By A. Ville [Bull. B. Soc. Tosc. 

 Ort. 3, p. 73, March 1905). — The shaping of trees must be guided by their 

 natural habit, e.g. the pyramidal form cannot be adopted for varieties of 



