OCT. — DEC. 1856.] 
Notes on Indian Currencies. 39 
At page 188, among the men who adorned the Court of Sultan 
Hussain Mirza, is included Behbud Beg " who did good service in 
" the Mirza*s expeditions, and in reward of it, his name was in- 
" scribed on the Tangha and Sikka" that is, on the royal seal or 
stamp, and on the coin, 
1519 A. D. At page 282, among the occurrences of 1519, it is 
mentioned that " the tribute of the inhabitants was fixed at 60 mish- 
'* A*a/5of gold," apparently the same as Vniscal which Abul Fazl 
makes equal to 96 barley corns. And further on, a diamond valued 
at I the expense of the wc/rld is said to have weighed 4 mishkals or 
220 ratis.^ ^ 
At page 290, of the events Acorded of the year 1525, it is related 
that " tHe brothers of Nur and Beg arrived bringinar 
1525 AD o o o 
" to the amount of 20,000 shahrukkis, in ashreffis 
" and Tanks" which the Translator estimates to be "about £l,000f 
" sterling." He also remarks that " nothing can afford a stronger 
" proof of the scarcity of specie in Kabul than this appropriation 
" of so small a sum. The name of ashrefi is applied to the gold 
" mohur which is worth about a guinea and a half. It is applied 
" however to gold coins of various magnitude and value." 
Throughout the latter part of the memoirs, in the mention of 
large sums, and in estimating the revenues of a district, Baber makes 
frequent use of the words lacs and crores^ unaccompanied by any 
denomination of coin ; Mr. ErskineJ remarks upon this " that the 
" Emperors of Hindostan from a love of pomp and show, have al- 
*' ways used large numbers in reckoning their revenues and in be- 
*' stowing presents. Their revenue accounts were kept in dams of 
" which 40 go to a rupee. Hence their lacs and crores sink into 
" very small compass when reduced to English money." 
* Mr. Dow in his history of Hindostan makes the noiskal equal to 39 rutteys 
(which I suppose is the sanae as ratis) and a ruttey equal to | of a carat, a carat 
being the same as keerat 'mentioned by Abul Fazl, makes the rutty equal to 7 
barley corns. 
t This makes the value of a Shahrukki, a shilling instead of lOt^. or \\d. as he 
said before. 
X Who with Mr. Leyden translated Baber's memoirs. 
