JAN. — MAR. 1857.] Peruvian Bark-tree. 
be unknown to the Peruvians and Bolivians less than to Europeans, 
that the quantity diminishes, and that the trees, which are felled 
by thousands, are not so speedily succeeded by others that replace 
them. Whoever descends the Andes, to visit the woods in which 
the Quinquina grows, finds his way from the sound of the reckless 
axe of the Cascarilleros,as they mercilessly, in an unexampled man- 
ner, hew these beautiful trees. This rough handling is not alone 
working fatally for the future, but all accounts are unanimous that 
an incredible quantity of bark is lo^st in the most reckless manner. 
" These circumstances have the sad consequence which De la 
Condamine foresaw as proBable, and that all late travellers confirm, 
namely that there is a vi«ible diminution in the quantity of Quin- 
quina trees. 
" Don Antonio de Ulloa,"''* thirty years after De la Condamine, ut- 
tered a warning against the destruction of the Quinquina woods, 
and proposed that strong prohibitive measures should be taken 
against their abuse. This, although very late, sixty-six years after, 
the Government of Bolivia considered, viz. in January, 1838; it 
issued an order against the exportation of Quinquina wood for five 
years. 
*' Pereiraf makes the remark, that as these trees are produced but 
in one quarter of the world, and no care is taken of their cultiva- 
tion, it is nowise to be wondered at that, this bark, in the course of 
time, should disappear from commerce. 
*' Stevenson J declares that if the Government of America do not 
take care to preserve the Quinquina-tree, either by forbidding the 
felling of it, or by obliging the authorities of the provinces to take 
strong measures to prevent the destruction of the tree, it is much 
to be feared that this excellent production of the New World will 
be wholly exhausted. 
* Writer of ' Noticias American as,' vol. i. 1772, 8vo. See also Hooker's ' Com- 
panion to the Botanical Magazine,' i. 247. 
t ' The Elements of Materia Medica and Therapeutics,' by J. Fereira, ed. 3, 
vol. ii. part 2, pp. 1605 et seq. London, 1853» 
X Narrative of Twenty Years' Residence in South America, ii. 60. 
