May 1861.] Remarks on the Bhika Topes. 97 



the dissentients. One large section retained fire-offerings, tan- 

 tamount to the worship of fire ; and they were in consequence cut 

 off from the main-body. These (the Jainas) also retained caste 

 with the exception of the second order. They also had nuns ; for 

 Lieut. Bumes, when he visited a temple to Parsvanatha in Guje- 

 rat, saw therein a female ascetic, who explained to him what he 

 wished to learn concerning that fane. As to the word Pramnae 

 it is evidently the ' Brahmanies' that may be heard in the mouth 

 of the East Indian community at Madras ; a word variously 

 modified, in different dialects — Bahmini in the Mahomedan Dek- 

 hini ; utrfrun-tr Parpar in the Tamil ; Flamen in Latin. The old 

 Romans had four divisions — the Flamen corresponding with the 

 Brahman ; the Knight corresponding with the Cshetriya, the 

 Patrician corresponding with the Vaisya, and the Plebeian cor- 

 responding with the Sudra. The townsman and the rural, 

 (Opeivos and IloXihicos) in the above extract, correspond with 

 the Bhuvaisya, and the Dhana vaisya, or grain merchant and 

 cultivator. 



A like statement recurs in the body of the book : CoL Cunning- 

 ham did not wish it to be overlooked ; nor has it been. 



The late Mr. Prinsep was an amiable, ingenious, indefatigable 

 man ; but he was hasty, and made astonishing leaps towards a 

 conclusion. His many duties left him little time to spare, so that 

 he wrote for his journal in haste ; and, it is observable^that he 

 caredmore for brilliancy, than for solidity. Would any dashing idea 

 give his journal wings ? Off it went. He was, at the same time, 

 ingenuous ; promptly admitting error, when fairly convicted. I 

 have thought that, phrenologically, he had the organ " indivi- 

 duality" largely developed ; as evidenced by his pains-taking 

 etchings of Bactrian coins ; by his nicely invented balance for 

 weighing the precious metals ; and, by a keenness of perception, 

 given but to few. Persons so constituted always have obliquely 

 retreating foreheads : consequently defective in " causality" and 

 " comparison." Sir Isaac Newton, if his statue at Cambridge 

 may be trusted, had such a forehead ; the projection of forehead 

 over the eyes being extraordinarily large, and thence retreating at 

 an angle of perhaps seventy degrees. Hence his astonishing 



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