May 1861.] Architectural Remains. 107 



steps is in many places 100 to 150 feet. These stairs lead to a 

 lower line of ramparts on the west side, within which the princi- 

 pal supplies of water are found. The climate on the top of the 

 hills is delightful, being about 15 degrees cooler than Udiagiri 

 itself ; the water is most excellent, though difficult of access from 

 the higher levels, while the hills appear from the accounts of the 

 villagers to be entirely free from fever at all times of the year, and 

 the water is celebrated all over the district. Some of the views 

 are most admirable, and it is strongly recommended that the Go- 

 vernment Photographer should spend a fortnight there in taking 

 views of some of the fortifications, and of the overhanging cliffs, 

 precipices and ravines. 



The hill is almost entirely composed of hornstone, a few pieces 

 of new red sand stone were picked up, but the guides said there 

 were no quarries of it, and that it was merely found in detached 

 boulders here and there. 



Camp Kavili, 16th June 1859. 



From Captain E. Heme&y, District Engineer of Cuddapah, to 

 Lieut.- Colonel E. Lawfokd, Deputy Chief Engineer, Central 

 Circle, dated Camp Madanapalli, 22nd June 1859, No. 237. 



My Annual Report on interesting Architectural Remains has 

 this year been delayed owing to my desire to inspect an old Hindu 

 Temple near the village of Sompalli in the Madanapalli taluq of 

 this District, to which my attention had been directed by the Chief 

 Engineer. 



2. The history of this Temple is as follows : — 



3. About 800 years ago, two broth ers came from a place called 

 Yellur, in the Kadri taluq and settled in the neighbouring taluq 

 of Madanapalli ; the elder brother built a small fort and village at 

 Kokanti, whilst the younger brother named Kasinayadu founded 

 a town called Kashni Kotta, now in ruins. 



4. Kasinayadu also built a Pagoda near Kashni Kotta which he 

 dedicated to Vishtnu under the name of Chenna Kesava Swami. 



5. There is nothing remarkable about the architecture of this 

 Pagoda, which consists of an enclosed quadrangle with the usual 



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