May 1861.1 



Architectural Remains. 



117 



long posterior to that of the Cromlechs and Tumuli : I have, how- 

 ever, met with Pillar stones which I consider coeval with those mo- 

 numents of antiquity ; rude, unhewn stones having an unmistakable 

 family likeness to the Leagans of Ireland — the Hoar stones of 

 Scotland and the Hoar stones of England. 



21. In a thick jungle in the valley of the Kodangfri, a tributary 

 of the Bawani, there are two or three of these stones at a place 

 called Kutirai Kuttu* Pal am, and there is a good specimen about 

 nine or 10 feet in height in the valley of the Bawani near the 

 village of Sundapatti, 



22. In the valley of the Moyar near a place called Mangadu 

 there are two 



Stone Circles. 



23. These are found upon the Nilgiris ; they are, in some re- 

 spects, similar to the ancient stone circles of the British Islands. 

 That is, both are circular — made of unhewn stones — and, within 

 both, Cinerary urns and bones are found. 



24. They differ, however, in many points, the Nilgiri circles 

 are smaller, being rarely more than eight or 10 feet in diameter ; 

 and the walls are complete all round ; and are built up with several 

 stones one over the other. The British and Irish 6ircles are much 

 larger, the walls are composed of single stones, and, in Britain, 

 avenues of stones generally connect the circles together. These 

 are altogether wanting in the Nilgiri circles. 



25. It is true avenues are not found except very rarely in con- 

 nection with the Irish circles, but they are always accessible 

 through some opening. 



26. The Nilgiri circles are, I believe, always upon the tops of 

 the hills and the difficulty of getting large stones at, or up to such 

 places might account for the differences noted above. 



* Note. — The " Kattu" here does not refer to building— hut to tying. 

 The Erulars who live near, say it is named from a tradition, handed 

 down by their fathers, that a small band of predatory Horsemen who 

 were skulking in this valley tied their Horses to these stones. 



In an adjoining valley called Kalkattu Palam, there are about £0 Se- 

 pulchral Tumuli. 



