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CHAPTER XIV. 



On the Geology of Lycia and its borders. 



The part of Asia Minor, of the geology of 

 which we are about to give some account, extends 

 over two degrees of longitude and one of latitude. 

 It is chiefly occupied by a series of alpine plains 

 and mountain ridges, broken up by four great 

 valleys which open out seawards. - These are, the 

 valley of the Xanthus, watered by the famous 

 river of that name ; the valley of Kassabar, of 

 which the gorge of the river Dembra is the 

 outlet ; the narrow valley of the river Arycandus ; 

 and the valley of Karditch, drained by the Alleg- 

 heer Tchai. The two last open into the plain of 

 Phineka. 



The first of these valleys isolates the mountain 

 mass of Cragus, the two principal summits of which 

 rise to above six thousand five hundred feet. At 

 the head of the valley of the Xanthus is the moun- 



