178 OTHER FRESH- WATER DEPOSITS. 



highland and lowland basins, is horizontal to- 

 wards the middle, inclined at the sides. 



The great valley of Kassabar is occupied by 

 marls exactly similar to those of the valley of 

 the Xanthus, and of great thickness. In these, 

 however, we could find no fossils, but there can 

 be little doubt of their fresh-water origin. Simi- 

 lar deposits fill the valley of Arycanda, which 

 opens into the plain of Phineka. In the yailah 

 of Seydeleer, (six thousand feet,) there are beds of 

 conglomerate, formed of rolled pebbles of lime- 

 stone and serpentine, skirting the sides of the 

 plain. These are probably also remains of a 

 water tertiary. 



The presence of both marine and fresh-water 

 tertiaries in the two great valleys of Xanthus 

 and Kassabar, gives us a clue to their relative 

 age, although there is unfortunately no evidence 

 of superposition. The great inclination of the 

 marine strata, as compared with the undisturbed 

 and horizontal stratification of those of fresh- 

 water origin, warrants us in regarding the former 

 as the more ancient. From the character of the 

 fossils in the Lycian fresh-water tertiaries, we are 

 inclined to consider them as synchronic with the 

 fresh-water tertiary of the island of Cos, which 



