NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



105 



acid emulsion, hellebore decoction, and other things ; and carbolized lime is 

 thought to be the best thing to use. It is made as follows, and is to be 

 applied early, frequently, and thoroughly. The lime is slaked to a thin 

 cream ; three pints of the cream are added to a gallon of water and then 

 a tablespoonful of crude carbolic acid, and the mixture is applied by 

 means of a sprayer along the rows so that the surface of the ground is 

 covered. — F. J. C. 



Cabbage, Insects Injurious to. By H. Garman (U.S.A. Exp. 

 Stn. Kentucky, 17th Ann. Bep„ 1905, pp. 20-47 ; 17 figs.) 



Cases have been reported where poisoning following the eating of 

 cabbages which have been sprayed has occurred. It is pointed out that 

 if reasonable precautions as to stopping spraying sufficiently long before 

 the plants reach a marketable size, are taken, there is so little of the spray 

 left that there is no possibility of poisoning occurring. Analyses are 

 given demonstrating this. The insects attacking the cabbage are then 

 described and figured, and appropriate remedies, usually spraying with 

 arsenical sprays, such as Paris green or arsenate of lead, are recommended. 

 The insects dealt with are the white butterflies or cabbage worms (Pontia 

 rapae, the well-known British small white butterfly, and P. protodice, the 

 former being the most troublesome of all the insects attacking cabbage), 

 the larvae of the moths, the cabbage looper (Autographa brassicae), the 

 southern cabbage moth (Evcrgcstcs rimosalis), the cabbage Plutella 

 (Plutella maculipennis), an insect of world-wide distribution, the zebra 

 [Mamestra picta), the army worm (Heliothis unipuncta), the corn worm 

 (H. armiger), the woolly bear or tiger moth (Diacrisia virginica), the 

 cutworms (Peridroma margaritosa, Agrotis ypsilon, Prodenia ornithogalli, 

 and Mamestra trifolii), the flea beetles (Phyllotreta vittata, P. sinuata, 

 and Systena blanda), the spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica 12- 

 punctata), the margined blister-beetle (Epicauta marginata), the 

 harlequin cabbage bug (Murgantia histrionica), the false chinch bug 

 (Nysius angustatus), the cabbage plant louse (Aphis brassicae) the cabbage 

 leaf-miner (Drosophila graminum), the turnip leaf-miner (D. flaveola) the 

 cabbage Anthomyia (Pegomya fusciceps) and the onion thrips (Thrips 

 tabaci).—F. J. C. 



Camassia esculenta. By C. Potrat (Le Jardin, vol. xxii. No. 517, 

 p. 262 ; September 5, 1908 ; 1 fig.). — A vegetable, one of the Liliaceae, 

 indigenous in California. It has the advantage of being a pretty garden- 

 plant, 18 inches high, with bright green leaves and blue flowers, of the 

 Ornithogalum type. Two horticultural varieties are C. e. alba and 

 C. e. atro-coerulea. The plant is hardy, but resents damp. When roasted, 

 the bulb (which is the edible part) has a flavour between a yam and a 

 potato. Flour prepared from it is used in confectionery, and as a remedy 

 for coughs. Cultivate from seeds or offsets. Sow the seeds in July- 

 August, when ripe. Prick out September-October, when the bulbils 

 may also be planted. These will produce flowers the next year, but plants 

 from seed require two years to come to maturity. Flowers May-June. 

 Take bulbs up in August, as soon as the plant turns yellow. They 

 dry very quickly on exposure to air, and should be stacked as soon as 

 possible. — F. A. W. 



