118 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



county officials who are concerned in rendering assistance to fruit-growing 

 in this country. — A. P. 



Fumigation of Nursery Stock, Tests of Gases for. By W. E. 



Britton (Jonrn. Ec. Entom., I. (1908), Pt. 2, pp. 110-112).— These tests 

 were undertaken with a view to find some gas more convenient than 

 hydrocyanic acid gas for fumigating small parcels of nursery stock. 

 The fumigation was carried out in an oblong box, and two generators 

 were used — one at each end. Apples infested with San Jose scale were 

 used. The gases tested were carbon bisulphide, carbon tetrachloride, 

 sulphuretted hydrogen, and chlorine, while for purposes of comparison 

 hydrocyanic acid gas in three different quantities was used. No 

 recommendations are yet made. 



Carbon bisulphide. This was volatilized in iron pans which had been 

 heated. When used at the rate of 10 oz. to 100 cubic feet for one hour, 

 4-3 per cent, of the scales survived and one tree died. When 60 oz. of 

 carbon bisulphide to 100 cubic feet was the charge, allowed to act for 

 three hours at 59° F., all the scales were killed and the trees uninjured. 

 After being exposed to gas of a strength above this, half the trees 

 failed to grow. 



Carbon tetrachloride. All the scales were killed and the trees were 

 uninjured where 30 oz. or less to 100 cubic feet was used and allowed to 

 act for two hours. 



Hydrocyanic acid gas. , Generated with 1 oz. of potassium cyanide 

 to 2 oz. sulphuric acid and 4 oz. of water to each 100 cubic feet, all 

 scales were killed. In one case, after fumigating for half an hour, one tree 

 died. In most other cases the trees were uninjured, even by larger 

 quantities of gas. acting for a longer period. 



Sulphuretted hydrogen. Generated from iron sulphide 20 oz., 

 sulphuric acid 80 oz. (fluid), water 32 oz. (fluid). The quantity of iron 

 sulphide for 100 cubic feet was 9 lb. ; and other strengths used were 

 12^ lb. and 25 lb. In the last case 20 per cent, of the trees were 

 injured after fumigation for two hours ; but in other cases no injury 

 followed, and all the scales were killed. 



Difficult of application, on account of the long time taken to generate 

 the gas. 



Chlorine. Generated from bleaching powder 14 oz., sulphuric acid 

 17 oz. (fluid), water 70 oz. (fluid). The quantities used varied from 

 8*6 lb. to 34*7 lb. to each 100 cubic feet, and all the scales and most of 

 the trees were killed. — F. J. C. 



Galanthus plicatus. By S. Arnott {Garden, January 1909, p. 18). 



— The author describes G. plicatus, and refers to G. Fraseri, GhapeUi, 

 and other garden varieties of this Snowdrop. He thinks they enjoy the 

 same garden conditions as the common Snowdrop, but are liable to die 

 off without apparent cause, and are subject to the fungoid disease which 

 attacks Snowdrops of any species. — II. B. D. 



Gardenias and their Culture. By Ad. van der Heide (Le Jardin, 

 vol. xxii. No. 514, p. 213 ; July 20, 1908). — The Gardenia was introduced 

 from India in 1754. G. florida flore pleno is known to everyone. 



