144 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Shade. Effect of in Preventing Fruiting'. By L. Chasset (La 

 Pomologie Franeaise, March U'Cb.'p. ^5 . — A • Beurre Superfin Pear,' 

 shaded by a small house, has taken seventeen years before bearing any 

 fruit ; a ' Josephine de Malines ' planted in the shade of a large tulip tree 

 has never borne fruit. Two trees of the same varieties planted in the 

 sun, pruned by the same gardener, regularly produce each year small 

 crops of very good pears. The shade of the house and the tree has 

 in this case evidently been the cause of sterility. 



Composition of the soil also affects fertility ; some soils lack phosphate 

 of lime or potash and the trees bear after the necessary constituents have 

 been supplied. — C. H. H. 



Shade Trees. The more important Insects affecting- Ohio. 



By J. S. Houser (Agr. Exp. St. Ohio, Bull. 194). — Contains information 

 regarding the injurious woodland insects of Ohio, but particularly such 

 as affect shale trees. The beautifully executed illustrations, some sixty 

 in number, make the work still more valuable, for little difficulty will be 

 found in recognizing a particular species from the pictures. "What 

 strikes one most in reading the book is the almost entire absence from the 

 Ohio woods of the insect pests which trouble us so in this country. 

 There are useful notes regarding spraying, preparing the various insecti- 

 cides, and a table showing the common trees of New York State with 

 relation to their liability to insect attack. The Ohio conditions do not 

 vary to any great extent from those of New York. — A. D. W. 



Shrubs. A Wild Garden of. By W. Pall i more (Garden, January 

 1909, p. 37). — The writer tackles the problem of covering dry banks of 

 poor soil. He states that it has been satisfactorily solved at Kew by 

 using for the purpose, double, single, and dwarf Gorse, Lavender. Rosemary, 



Cistus laurifolius, C. ladaniferus, C. recognitus, Savin, Brambles, 

 Poten t ilia f rut icosa, Berberis aquifolia, and B. stenophylla. — H. B. D. 



Shrubs and Hardy Trees suitable for Forcing. By A. Osborn 



(Gard. Chron., No. 1,146, p. 403, Pecember 12, 19, and 26, 1908).— The 

 author gives a list of the plants most suitable for forcing, and the best 

 methods of cultivating them. — G. S. S. 



Shrubs for Winter Effect. Best Evergreen. By Miss R. B. 

 Cannon (Garden, January 1909, p. 16). — The writer mentions thirty-nine 

 species, and gives directions for planting, pruning, and propagation. 



H. B. D. 



Shrubs in Spring' Bedding. By A. W. Garden, January 1909, 

 p. 15). — The writer mentions shrubs suitable for the purpose, particularly 

 referring to Forsythia, Ribes, Cydonia. and Paphne, and giving directions 

 for their treatment when used in this manner. — H. B. D. 



Shrubs, The Unseasonable Flowering of. By S. W. Fitzherbert 

 (Garden, January 1909, p. 27). — The writer mentions the following in 

 flower at the close of 1903 : Choisya ternata, Cytisus racemosus, 

 Pittosjporum Tobira, Laburnum, Crataegus oxyacantha, Olearia stellata 



