58 



The Plant World. 



mamelis virginiana) , hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), black spruce, 

 white pine, sassafras (Sassafras officinale), Viburnum nudum, 

 high bush blueberry and such undershrubs as sheep laurel, 

 blueberries (Vaccinium nigrum, V. pennsylvanicum) and the 

 ground plants Indian cucumber-root (Medeola virginiana) , wake- 

 robin (Trillium erectum), bracken fern, bunch-berry (Cornus 

 canadensis), white fringed orchis (Habenaria blephariglottis) , 

 swamp loosestrife (Lysimachia stricta), Dalibarda repens, trailing 

 arbutus (Epigaea repens), and in wet places cinnamon fern and 

 pitcher plant. At the immediate outlet of the bog, pools of 

 water occur in which grow the spatter-dock surrounded by 



Fig. 4. View south over Half Moon Lai e. 



shrubs of the leather-leaf, pale laurel and sour gum (Nyssa 

 sylvdtica). With the exception of the shrubs and trees mentioned 

 as invading species of the bog surface, and which form a fringe 

 of vegetation around the bog, the transition from the bog vege- 

 tation proper to the vegetation of the low morainic hills that 

 form the rim of the bog basin, is rather an abrupt one. On the 

 dry ground of the sloping hills the botanist finds the second 

 growth to consist of pitch pine, white birch, white pine, black 

 spruce, sassafras, scrub-oak (Quercus ilicifolia), large-toothed 

 aspen (Populus grandidentata), red maple and an occasional 

 chestnut (Castanea dentata). The shrubs in this dry soil are 



