Heath op Lueneberg. 



233 



heath-plant, Calluna vulgaris, found also in America from Mas- 

 sachusetts to Newfoundland. This and the juniper (J. com- 

 munis) are the conspicuous plants of the open heath. The 

 swamps and the stream margins bear quite different vegetation. 

 The moors are also characteristically xerophilous in the nature 

 of their plants; Calluna is found here as well as on the drained 

 sand. These moors are also physiologically dry, perhaps mainly 

 because of toxic organic matter which is present in the soil; 

 their actual water supply is ample. The heavier soils, and in 

 places the sands as well, support fine forests of mixed needle 

 and broad-leaved trees. 



Fig. 2. Among the Junipers — near Manhorn 



In late summer the Calluna areas, sometimes stretching for 

 miles, form great masses of color, pink and lilac purple, for the 

 densely flowered tips obscure the green of the minute foliage 

 below. The stems stand a foot or more high and form an ex- 

 ceedingly dense covering for the soil. In mid-autumn, when 

 the bloom has gone, the foliage and the general aspect of the 

 plant becomes a rich brown color. The glorious sunny days of 

 October present a more sombre Heide, which is, however, no 



