260 



HISTORY OF THE SEA. 



rence, which he calls by its Indian name of Hochelaga. Here 

 he was told by the savages that the river led to a country called 

 Canada. He ascended the stream in boats, passed a village 

 named Stadacone, — the site of the present city of Quebec, — and 

 arrived at the Indian city of Hochelaga, which, from a high 

 mountain in the vicinity, he named Mont Royal, — now Mon- 

 treal. He went no farther than the junction of the Ottawa and 

 the St. Lawrence, and then returned. He remained at Stada- 

 cone through the winter, losing twenty-five of his men by a con- 

 tagious distemper then very little known, — the scurvy. 



Cartier returned to France in July, 1536, taking with him 

 a Canadian king, named Donnaconna, and nine other natives, 

 who had been captured and brought on board by compulsion. 

 They were taken to Europe, where Donnaconna died two years 

 afterwards : three others were baptized in 1538, Cartier stand- 

 ing sponsor for one of them. They seem to have all been dead 

 in 1541, the date of Cartier's third voyage. The king ordered 

 five ships to be prepared, with which Cartier again started for 

 the scene of his discoveries. The narrative of this expedition is 

 lost ; but it appears to have resulted in few or no incidents of in- 

 terest. Cartier was ennobled upon his return in 1542, and lived 

 ten years to enjoy his new dignity. His descriptions of the 

 scenery, products, and Indians of Canada are graphic and correct. 



In the year 1553, "the Mystery and Company of English 

 merchants adventurers for the discovery of regions, dominions, 

 islands, and places unknown" — at the head of whom was Se- 

 bastian Cabot — fitted out an expedition of three vessels, antf 

 gave the chief command to Sir Hugh Willoughby, "by reason 

 of his goodly personage, as also for his singular skill in the 

 services of war." King Edward VI. confirmed the appointment 

 in "a license to discover strange countries." 



The fleet consisted of the Buona Speranza, of one hundred 

 and seventy tons, commanded by Sir Hugh, with thirty-eight 

 men, the Edward Buonaventura, of one hundred and sixty 



