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HISTORY. OF THE SEA. 



Passage : of Ross, who saw the Crimson Cliffs ; of Parry, who 

 discovered the Polar Sea ; of James Clarke Ross, who stood 

 upon the North Magnetic Pole ; of McClure, who threaded the 

 Northwest Passage ; of Franklin and of Kane, the martyrs to 

 Arctic science. Though we shall dwell more particularly upon 

 these voyages, we shall nevertheless mention in due order those 

 undertaken for other purposes in all quarters of the globe. 



In 1803, Alexander of Russia determined to enter the career 

 of maritime discovery and geographical research. He sent 

 Captain Krusenstern upon a voyage round the world, in the 

 London-built ship Nadeshda. Nothing resulted from this 

 voyage except the augmented probability that Saghalien was 

 not an island, but a peninsula joined to the mainland of China 

 by an isthmus of sand. 



In 1815, the Russian Count Romanzoff fitted out an expedi- 

 tion at his own expense for the advancement of geographical 

 science. The specific object of the voyage was to explore the 

 American coast both to the north and south of Behring's Straits, 

 and to seek a connection thence with Baffin's Bay. The com- 

 mand was given to Otto Von Kotzebue, a son of the distin- 

 guished German dramatist Kotzebue. In Oceanica he discovered 

 an uninhabited archipelago, which he named Rurick's Chain, 



RECEPTION OF KOTZEBUE AT OTDIA. 



from one of his vessels. In Kotzebue Gulf, northeast of Behring's 

 Straits, he discovered an island which was supposed to contain 



