Drowning.— i. Loosen clothing, if any. 2. Empty 

 lungs of water by laying body on its stomach, and lifting it 

 by the middle so that the head hangs down. Jerk the body 

 a few times. 3. Pull tongue forward, using handkerchief, or 

 pin with string, if necessary. 4. Imitate motion of respira- 

 tion by alternately compressing and expanding the lower 

 ribs, about twenty times a minute. Alternately raising and 

 lowering the arms from the sides up above the head will 

 stimulate the action of the lungs. Let it be done gently 

 but persistently. 5. Apply warmth and friction to ex- 

 tremities. 6. By holding tongue forward, closing the nos- 

 trils, and pressing the M Adam's apple " back (so as to close 

 entrance to stomach), direct inflation may be tried. Take a 

 deep breath and breathe it forcibly into the mouth of pa- 

 tient, compress the chest to expel the air, and repeat the 

 operation. 7. DON'T GIVE UP ! People have been saved 

 after HOURS of patient, vigorous effort. 8. When breathing 

 begins, get patient into a warm bed, give WARM drinks, or 

 spirits in teaspoonfuls, fresh air, and quiet. 



^ SUNSTROKE.— There are two important indications for 

 treatment— reduction of temperature and the use of stimu- 

 lants. The patient should first be removed to a cooler spot 

 if possible, or at least where shade can be secured. The 

 treatment should be begun at once. The clothing about the 

 neck and body must be either loosened or removed. Cold 

 is particularly indicated in cases where there is great heat 

 of the body, and delirium and convulsive movements are 

 present. This means of reducing the temperature may be 

 applied in the shape of cracked ice about the head and spine, 

 or the use of cold water. If the heat of the body is very 

 great, it may be necessary to wrap the patient in sheets wet 

 with cold water. If thereis, besides the great heat, evidence 

 of serious depression, stimulants must be used while the cold 

 is being applied. 



HEMORRHAGE. — The usual treatment r st in the re- 

 cumbent position ; small pieces of ice should \ freely swal- 

 lowed, and the application of ice wrapped in a *,owei or in an 

 ice-bag, or snow, cold water, etc., over the stomach; hot 

 applications may be applied to the extremities. 



Fire in a Building.— Crawl on the floor. The clearest 

 air is the lowest in the room. Cover head with woolen wrap, 

 wet if possible. Cut holes for the eyes. Don't get excited. 



f 



Burns and Scalds.— Cover with cooking soda and lay 

 wet cloths over it. Whites of eggs and olive oil. Olive oil or 

 linseed oil, plain, or mixed with chalk or whiting. Sweet or 

 olive oil and lime-water. Shock, which is always present in 

 severe burns, requires the administration of stimulants. Pain 

 is more constant and intense in burns than in any other form 

 of injury, and requires sedatives, which should "be adminis- 

 tered by the medical attendant. Later on the appearances 

 of inflammation and other complications are to be carefully 

 watched for. 



Suffocation from Inhaling Illuminating Gas. 

 — Get into the fresh air as soon as possible and lie down. 

 Keep warm. Take ammonia— twenty drops to a tumbler 

 of water, at frequent intervals; also, two to four drops 

 tincture of nux vomica every hour or two for five or six 

 hours. 



TESTS OF DEATH.— Hold mirror to mouth. If living, 

 moisture will gather. Push pin into flesh. If dead, the hole 

 will remain ; if alive, it will close up. Place finders in front 

 of a strong light. If alive, they will appear ti ll if dead, 

 black or dark. 



Mad Dog or Snake-bite.— Tie cord tight above 

 wound. Suck the wound and cauterize with caustic or 

 white-hot iron at once, or cut out adjoining parts with a 

 sharp knife. Give stimulants, as whisky, brandy, etc. 



Fire in One's Clothing Don't run— especially not 



downstairs or out-of-doors. Roll on carpet, or wrap in 

 woolen rug or blanket. Keep the head down, so as not to 

 inhale flame. 



Fire from Kerosene.— Don't use water, it will spread 

 the flames. Dirt, sand, or flour is the best extinguisher, or 

 smother with woobn rug, table-cloth, or carpet. 



Cinders in thf Eye.— Roll soft paper up like a lamp 

 lighter, and wet the t p to remove, or use a medicine dropper 

 to draw it out. Rub the other eye. 



Fainting — Place flat on back; allow fresh air, and 

 sprinkle with water. Place head lower than rest of body. 



Stings of Venomous Insects, etc.— Apply weak 

 ammonia, oil, salt water, or iodine. 



Lightning.— Dash cold water over a person struck. 



