GENERAL RESULTS OF ELEVATION OF ENGLAND. 



547 



These great mutations are, therefore, appealed to as the cause, by which in raising up 

 large submarine tracts and uniting islands into continents, the climate of our region 

 has been materially changed ; while they satisfactorily explain to us why the agency 

 now at work around us differs in so many respects from that of the period which pre- 

 ceded our own. 



of Lancashire, Cheshire, and Shropshire to be passed by without notice on this occasion, particularly as this 

 part of the coast of Ireland is precisely in the same latitude as the Cheshire and Salopian detritus. 



111. 



Sea level. 



a and b. Vegetable mould, sand, and gravel, with shells similar to those found in the adjoining sea — 18 feet above high 

 water mark. The pebbles resemble shingle, c. Clay, with occasional coarse fragments of porphyry, limestone, granite, &c. 

 d. Gravel as above repeated. 



The late Major Patrickson described this raised beach in a memoir read before the Geological Society of 

 Dublin. Similar beds of recent marine gravel have been observed in different parts of Ireland by Griffith and 

 other observers. 



[After the proof sheet of this chapter had passed from my hands, Mr. Lyell sent to me a letter from Capt. 

 Bayfield, R.N. (now employed in surveying the coasts and rivers of our North American colonies), which so 

 powerfully sustains the views I have adopted, concerning the transport of bowlders by ice, that an extract from 

 this instructive and interesting letter will be printed in the Appendix.] 



