I02 



THE BRITISH NATURALIST. 



[May 



the larva of R. pinicolana will be found giving the shoots a withered 

 appearance. Under the radical leaves of Ballota nigra, the fiddle- 

 shaped cases of the larva of N. schiffennillerella ffascicllus ) can now be 

 taken where the imago occurs, the large holes in the leaves is a sure 

 indication of their presence. The drooping shoots of the spindle 

 {Eiwiiymiis europcBus) remind us we can now take the larva of Y. 

 plunibellus, and in the shoots of buckthorn (Rhamnus cathavticus) 

 having a similar appearance, the larva of L. rhaniniella is giving them 

 quite a brownish scorched appearance. By beating Oaks we can now 

 obtain the larva of H . radiatella, and from Sycamore and Maple the 

 larva of H. sequella. In the drawn together leaves of Carline thistle 

 (Cavlina vulgaris) the larva of P. carlinella is now to be seen in the neat 

 little habitation it has formed, and the common hemlock [Coniuui 

 maculaUmi) have at this time some of the leaves folded over by the 

 larva of Dep. alstcermeriella and Weirella. This is the best month for 

 collecting all the leaf-feeding larvae of that large family of case makers 

 (the Coleophora), their characteristic manner of feeding being so very 

 conspicuous on the fresh-looking and, in some instances, hardly 

 ettpanded leaves. On the black Knapweed {Centaurea nigra) growing 

 on sunny slopes, the long cases of the rare Col. conspicuella and the 

 short ones of C. alcyonpennella are now to be taken, and in woods, on 

 the Stachys hetonica those of C. Wockellia, and along the sides of the 

 main paths, where the Giienista tinctoria is to be found growing, the 

 long curved cases of C. vibicella cannot fail to be observed, and in the 

 shoots of the same plant the larva of Gel. lentiginosella will be found 

 drawing them together. On Oaks the pistol-shaped cases of C. 

 palliatella and ihipennella are now to be taken, and on havvthorn and 

 pear leaves the long straight cases of C. hemerohiella, and on the 

 stitchwort (Stellaria holostea) the straight cases of C. solitariella and, 

 more rarely, the brownish cases of C. olivaciella, the fiat serrated cases 

 of C. liniosipennella and the short straight cases of C. nigricella are now 

 to be seen on the leaves of Elm, and C. grypliipennella on leaves of Rose, 

 and many others of the same genus on other trees and plants. The 

 Willow herb [Epilobitun augiistifoliiuii) has its shoots drawn together at 

 this time by the larva of Lav. coutiirbatella, and in the shoots of 

 Epilobium Jiirsntum the larva of L. fulvescens may now betaken. The 

 leaves of Liiziilu pilossi in shady parts of w^oods are now being mined 

 by the larva of E. magnificella and trapiezella, and the larva of E. 

 miereopinictella in the leaves of Carex glauca, in the leaves of dwarf 

 sallows growing on heaths, the larva of that local Litliocolletes 

 quinquegiittella is now to be seen feeding, and in those of Whortleberry 

 the larva of L. vacciniella , in the leaves oi Aster tripoliiun the larva of 

 Bitcc. niaritimella is making their long serpentine galleries, and Bucc. 

 cr:st(itclla will be found on leaves of Yarrov^'. The above, and 



