THE BRITISH NATURALIST. • [October 



of 5. pedella, which are betrayed by the little heaps of frass sticking 

 out between the scales, and the discoloured hips of the wild rose, 

 if we want a series of S. roseticolana. The heads of the Carline 

 thistle, which grows generally on chalky slopes, should now be taken, 

 for many of them contani the larvae of P. carliiiella. P, lapella is now 

 feeding in the seed heads of burdock. There are tvv'o species of Oniix 

 to be taken this month, viz. : O. avellanella on nut, and 0. hetuloevorella 

 on birch ; these jarvae are leaf miners when young, afterwards turning 

 down the edge of the leaf and eatmg away the surface. On oaks we 

 notice some of the leaves have large whitish blotches on them, this is 

 caused by the larvae of T. coinplanella^ and the serpentine galleries of 

 the larvae of Nep. atricnpitella and Nep. snbbimacnlella we cannot help 

 noticing. This is the month for the seed-feeding Coleophora, all of 

 which must be kept in the open air when put into the c iges ; on seeds 

 of Atriplex and Chenopodium the cases of C. amuilatella may now be 

 seen, and on the seeds of A chillea'jnille folium those of Col. argeiiinla ; 

 Col. virgaurella on seeds of golden rod, C. salinella on Atriplex portula- 

 coides, growing on salt marshes, and C. incBmacellci on the same plant 

 and Suida maritima. The flower heads of the sea lavender should now 

 be gathered, for many of them contain the larva of G. brizella, also the 

 larva of Col. liinoiiiella ( Goniodoma auvoguttella ) ; these larvae eat out 

 the contents of one of the seeds which it then uses as its case, and 

 when full-grown it crawls down the stem half way and bores it way 

 inside, hollowing out sufficient space to pupate in, the small hole is 

 then webbed over and the cases drop off. The larva of many species 

 of the Lithocolletis are to be taken this month, they are easily seen by 

 their characteristic mines m the leaves of the various trees ; and many 

 other species of Nepticala than those mentioned above, so that altogether 

 this may be taken as one of the busiest months.— Geo. Elisha, 

 Shepherdess Walk, N. 



Cynthia Cardui and Atalanta.— The larvae of these species have 

 been unusually plentiful in the Warrington district. My father and 

 I have secured a good number of both. — J. Collins, Warrington. 



LiTHOSiA SERiCEA. —Lithosia sericea is out in our locality but it is 

 very scarce. One or two per night are all I can get hold of.— Id. 



Aplecta nebulosa var. Robsoni.— I have just finished breeding 

 my Nebtdosa, and I have only got a single pair of var. Robsoni. My 

 friends have done slightly better, for they got half a dozen between 

 them. — Id. 



Colias edusa.— On the 8th of September I saw an example of 

 the clouded yeUow butterfly, Colias edusa, the first I have seen alive 

 since 1S77. I have seen records of its appearance in other parts this 

 year. Is there any explanation for these re-appearances after such 

 long intervals ? -VV. A. Gain, Tuxford. 



