THE BRITISH NATURALIST. [November 



species that is occasionally seen in the greatest profusion one year, 

 and then from some unaccountable reason, disappearing almost 

 entirely for several seasons, then again appearing in plenty. In the | 

 stems of the water plantain (Alisnia plantago) which is found growing 

 on the edges of pools in rough broken ground, the larva of E. udana is 

 now to be seen by splitting open some of the stems, their whereabouts 

 may be easily discovered by the small holes in the side of the stems 

 In the stems of the wild parsnip the larva of C. dilucidaun, and in 

 those of the wild carrot the larva of C. francillana, may now be found 

 busily at work, the stems of thistles, at this time, afford nourishment 

 to the larva of M. cribvella, E. pfiugiana, and E. cirsiana, and on the 

 leaves the cases of the larva of Col. tliennella will now be found 

 securely fastened to the midrib, and other parts. In the seed heads 

 of the Carline thistle (Carlina vulgaris), the larva of Parasia carlinella 

 is now feeding, and in the seeds of Burdock those of P. lapella. The 

 dry stems of Echiuni vnlgnre are being made still more brittle at this 

 time by the numberless small larva of D. ooierostomella, busily at work 

 inside making their long galleries, and on the seed heads of the yarrow 

 [Achillea inillefoliiun ) the brownish cases of the larva of Col. argentula 

 may be easily seen if looked for, and on seeds of A triplex those of 

 C. annulatella. In the leaves of the oak saplings the larva of that 

 little gem L. lawtella is eating away the parenchyma, causing the 

 leaves to crumple up ; while in those dwarf sallows the larva of 

 L. quinqiiegiittella is still to be seen mining the entire leaf, and the 

 leaves of the bramble is now being mined by the larva of T. mavginea, 

 the bleached appearance of the leaves being very noticeable, the 

 leaves containing the larvae are best kept in flower pots, covered with 

 gauze, in the open air, just covered with a piece of glass to keep off 

 wet, for they do not change to the pupa state till spring. — G. Elisha, 

 Shepherdess Walk, London, N. 



Edusa, &c., in Dumfrieshire. — I have just got home from lo 

 days in Dumfrieshire but have done no great amount of execution. 

 The nights were too windy and cold for sugar, or I might have done 

 better. Cardui and Atalanta larvae were very common, and I took one 

 lovely Edusa and saw another but it proved too lively for me. I dug 

 about 60 pupae including 20 Aprilina, which are now emerging. These 

 with larvae of Rumicis, Ligustrn and Camelina and a few odd moths 

 were about all I obtained. — L. S. Brady, Sunderland. 



CoLiAS EDUSA AT LIVERPOOL. — C. edusci was fairly plentiful at 

 Altcar and Crosby sandhills, especially round the warren between the 

 two places, during the last two weeks in August, including the var. 

 He lice. 



BoMBYX TRiFOLii has also been unusually plentiful on our 

 sandhills this year. — C. G, Gregson, Liverpool. 



