2 



were common at nearly all seasons of the year. The places 

 in which mosquitoes were found to breed can be classed under 

 two general heads: (i) Such collections as in containers for 

 storing water (tubs, barrels, troughs, water-tanks, etc.) ; cess- 

 pools ; surface sewers and the catch-basins ; discarded tins, 

 bottles, and cans in vacant lots and on rubbish heaps ; neg- 

 lected gutters and defective plumbing; and vessels holding 

 water in and about dwellings and out-houses (flower vases, 

 drinking cans in chicken yards, containers under table legs 

 and flower pots, etc.) ; and (2) the collections of water as taro- 

 patches : rice fields; reservoirs; irrigation ditches; swamps; 

 closed pools ; ponds ; temporary pools formed by storm water 

 on the lower levels ; and pools in the beds of streams during 

 the dry seasons. 



The breeding places included in the first class are responsi- 

 ble for the larger part of the number of mosquitoes in any 

 locality. They are entirely responsible for the mosquitoes in 

 the business section 01 the city and in those residential por- 

 tions that are at any distance removed from the collections of 

 water enumerated in the second class of breeding places. To 

 obtain relief from the mosquitoes that breed in the collec- 

 tions of water of the first class it is demanded that systematic 

 inspection work be carried on continuously throughout the 

 infested district. This inspection must be followed by active 

 measures of prevention, that is, preventing the development 

 of the mosquito larvae or wrigglers in any body of water dis- 

 covered that is capable of acting as a breeding place. The 

 preventive work implies screening, draining, oiling, hauling 

 away tins, bottles, broken crockery-, etc., and periodically 

 emptying containers used for watering stock, or holding plants 

 or flowers about the house. Emphasis is given this phase of 

 mosquito control at this time to prevent a misconception on 

 the part of the people of this Territory in regard to the amount 

 of relief to be expected from the establishment of the top- 

 minnows in local waters. 



The collections of water comprising the second class can- 

 not always be dealt with directly without a great expenditure 

 of money in drainage work or seriously interrupting such agri- 

 cultural operations as rice and taro culture. It is obvious, 

 then, that while any natural check or enemy of mosquitoes 

 is desirable, it is particularly to be desired in the case of mos- 

 quitoes developing in these bodies of water. Previous to the 



