1869.] on the Scientific Exploration of the Deep Sea. 



417 



sianus, Buccinum Humphrey sianum, Murex imbricatus, Pleurotoma cari- 

 nata, and Cavolina trispinosa. — Echinodermata : Echinus elegans, Ci- 

 daris papillata, and Spatangus liaschi. — Actinozoa : Caryophyllia 

 Smithii, var. borealis. Of these, Ostrea cochlear, Aporrha'is Serresianus, 

 and Murex imbricatus are Mediterranean species ; and Trochus yranu- 

 latus also imparted somewhat of a Southern character, although that 

 species was afterwards found living in the Shetland district. Ostrea 

 cochlear is a small deep-water species of Oyster, and is one of the shells 

 wmich M. Alphonse Milne-Edwards noticed adhering to the Telegraph- 

 Cable between Sardinia and Algiers, at a depth of about 1100 fathoms 

 (see ' Lightning Report,' p. 182) ; but it has been found (by Mr. Gwyn 

 Jeffreys) attached to the columns of the Temple of Jupiter Serapis at 

 Pozzuoli near Naples, which are reputed not to have been submerged to 

 any considerable depth. The above results of this dredging will give a fair 

 idea of the Fauna inhabiting the 100-fathom line on the West coast of 

 Ireland. 



3 1 . After coaling at Galway we steamed southward, and (the weather being 

 very coarse and unpromising) we dredged in Dingle Bay at a depth of from 

 30 to 40 fathoms ; bottom rocky and muddy. As before, in comparatively 

 shallow water, we had two dredges out, one at the bow and the other at the 

 stern ; as had been previously the practice of Mr. Jeffreys in his own 

 yacht, when dredging at from 20 to 200 fathoms' depth. In Dingle Bay 

 the dredges several times caught in rocks or large stones, but were saved 

 by the usual yarn-stops, and by the extraordinary strength of the 2-inch 

 Chatham rope which was used. On one occasion, when the dredge was 

 fast, the vessel, which is nearly 400 tons' burden, was pulled round 

 and swung by the rope, as firmly as if she were at anchor and moored by 

 a chain-cable. Here, again, the Molluscawere mostly Northern : — Sipho- 

 nodentalium Lofotense, Chiton Hcmleyi, Tectura fulva, Odostomia clavula s 

 Trophon truncatus, and Cylichna nitidula fall within this category ; 

 while Eulima subulata, Trophon muricatus, Pleurotoma attenuata, and 

 Philine catena may be reckoned Southern species. But the most re- 

 markable shell obtained in this dredging was Moritacuta Dawsoni, a 

 species which had been described and figured by Mr. Jeffreys, from 

 specimens found by Mr. Robert Dawson in the Moray Firth. Of this 

 species specimens were subsequently detected by Mr. Jeffreys in the Royal 

 Museum at Copenhagen, in the collection of Greenland shells made by 

 the late Dr. H. P. C. Moller, as well as in Professor TorelPs collection of 

 Spitzbergen shells at Lund. The species had been briefly described and no- 

 ticed by Dr. Moller in the addenda to his * Index Molluscorum Grcenlandise,' 

 as a "Testa bivalvis ;" but he did not give it any other name. The size 

 of the Greenland and Spitzbergen specimens is considerably greater than 

 that of British specimens ; thus adding another to the numerous cases 

 of a similar kind which have from time to time been adduced by Mr. 

 Jeffreys as justifying his statement that of those species of Mollusca 



