I893-J 



37 



bred from ova obtained in August. Mr. H. Williams, pupae of Colias hyale, reared 

 by him from ova obtains from a captured female. Mr. Tugwell, Diantluecia barrettii. 

 Mr. Barrett, on behalf of Mr. Collins, of Warrington, exhibited dark varieties of 

 Acronycta leporina. 



December 8th, 1892. — The President in the chair. Mr. F. W. Frohawk, on be" 

 half of Mr. Merrifield, exhibited specimens of Vanessa atalanta, the pupae having been 

 subjected to various temperatures. Some of the pupae which were subjected to a 

 temperature of 45 0 to 32° for 47 days and then from 6 to 24 days to a tenperature 

 of go° to 54 0 produced some aberrations, the cold having a tendency to break up the 

 bands, to increase the depth of ground colour and to produce a suffusion of white 

 scales. Mr. Farren, showed four aberrations of Papilis machaon , a series of very 

 dark brown, and black varieties of Chauliodus charophyllellus , Goze ., and some 

 Nepticulae pinned with very fine silver pins and put on strips of soft pith. Mr. South, 

 a specimen of Eriogast'er lanestvis, ? ., with ova showing between the segments of the 

 abdomen, Mr. South and Mr. Barrett, were of opinion that the ova were showing 

 through a transparent membrane, but Mr. Jenner Weir, said the ova appeared to 

 have ruptured the integument ; Mr. Hawes, the two emergences of Pieris napi, both 

 bred from the same female, also example of the same species, the larvae having been 

 fed on different foodplants and made some observations as to the effects produced. 

 Mr. Tutt. examples of several species of the genus Taniocampa, which Dr. Chapmon, 

 had extracted from the pnpa cases in some cases as early as the 25th of October. 

 Some remarks were made as to the full development of these and other species which 

 hibernated as pupa. Mr. Frohawk, exhibited larvae of Hesperia paniscus, Mr. Elisha, 

 two drawers one of Coleophora and the other of Nepticula with cases, labelled to 

 show the times of appearance, foodplant of the larva and locality. Mr. Elisha, 

 stated that he had adopted this system for the whole of his collection of the Tineina, 

 Mr. R. Adhin, on behalf of Mr. Austin, some very fine examples of C. edusa, three 

 varieties of Lycana adonis, all taken at Folkestone, during his summer holidays. 



December 22nd, 1893. —President i n the chair. Mr. W. H. B. Fletcher, ex- 

 hibited a long series of Psilura monacha, and said he obtained ova from a nor- 

 mal female in 1887, from Mr. Tate, and by careful selection had at last ob- 

 tained a dark race and had no doubt that in time perfectly black specimens would 

 be produced. The specimsns bred in 1888 were nearly all normal. The darkest 

 parents selected from this brood produced banded specimens the following year, and 

 those bred in 1890, were suffused on the outer margin, whilst those of 1891 and 1892 

 were mostly black. Mr. Tugwell, said the black forms occur at VVickham, he 

 having taking it there, showing that the black specimens occur near London. Mr. 

 Adkin, pointed out the difference between the genuine British specimens and those 

 from the Continent, the latter had a smoky brown ground colour, approching 0. dispar 

 whilst the British specimens in many cases were really black. Mr. South, called 

 attention to specimens he exhibited earlier in the year, which he received from 

 Windsor, and stated that the buff colour of those he produced was caused by the 

 ammonia jar, but those killed with cyanide retained the proper colour. Mr. South, 

 also supported Mr. Fletcher's view as to the production of black specimens at will, 

 and said that also a light form could be obtained by eliminating all the dark ones, 

 and the dark race could be produced by eliminating the light forms. The discussion 

 was continued by Messrs Frohawk, and Fenn. Mr. Adkin, exhibited 'Taniocampa 

 "othica and var <;othicina, and contributed notes, and Messrs Barrett and Tutt, also 

 made remarks upon this exhibit, Mr. H. Williams, two males of Colias hyale, bred 

 this season from ova obtained from a female captured at Northfieet last September, 

 Mr. Williams, was congratulated upon his success, Mr. Barrett remarked that 

 they were the only specimens he knew of that had been bred in this country. 

 F. W. Barker, and A. Short, Hon. Sees., 



