i8 9 4.] 



THE BRITISH NATURALIST. 



H3 



is, according to the eminent Broca— and he made his computations with 

 the greatest precaution, consequently giving his results the lowest 

 possible value, — 1,590 cubic centimetres, about equal to 96-99 cubic 

 inches. This capacity is greatly higher than that of the modern 

 Parisians. 



The characteristics of the Cro-Magnon race are an open forehead, 

 a large, narrow aquiline nose, which must have given it some 

 claim to beauty, so much so that anthropologists have stated 

 that notwithstanding any strangeness about the face, which 

 must have resulted from the smallness of the eyes, there is 

 nothing in any way repulsive in the features of this magnifi- 

 cent race. Hamy, the great anatomist, and one of the greatest 

 anthropologists of the present day, measured these skeletons with the 

 following results : — The Cro-Magnon race was tall ; the mean height 

 is about five feet ten inches. The Cro-Magnon old man himself 

 measured five feet eleven and a half inches, and the Mentone man,, 

 which was discovered by Riviere in situ, was as tall as six feet.. 

 The Cro-Magnon woman was five feet five inches. Their bones 

 convey the idea of a remarkably strong race. They are thick and 

 solid. The femurs of the Cro-Magnon old man are also the broadest 

 and thickest which have ever been measured by Broca." 



The discovery was made in the Grenelle alluvials immediately above 

 the strata from which the Canstadt remains were unearthed, and must 

 of necessity be of very great age. There was, however, evident 

 progress of civilization visible, for the Cro-Magnon people possessed 

 arms of flint, &c, which were more numerous, varied, and more 

 massive than those predominating during the time the Canstadt race 

 had lived. To estimate their domestic culture from the contents of the 

 kitchen-middens they have left behind them, they had lived well, and 

 had procured birds and other small animals by hunting and the use of 

 the bow, attacking the larger animals with the lance and spear. 



In leaving the valley of the Vezere we can trace the history of this 

 race almost step by step, for, from the little village of Les Eyzies to 

 the rock shelter of Moustier, which is only distant about eight miles, 

 there have been found no less than eight settlements, all of which, on 

 account of their records, have become justly celebrated. These 

 settlements are the Moustier cavern, the Moustier shelter, the 

 Madelain shelter, the Cro-Magnon shelter or burying place, the 

 Laugerie- Haute shelter, and the Laugerie-Basse shelter, the Gorge d' 

 Enfer, and the Les Eyzies caverns. The earliest is the Moustier 

 settlement, the most recent that of the Madelain, the remaining six 

 being the successive links in the history of this noble race. The 

 inhabitants of the Moustier station do not appear to have been superior 

 to the members of the Canstadt race, which has been referred to, and 



