THE YOUNG 



NATURALIST. 



251 



aurantaria are out in October, as is also the 

 Mottled Umber (H. defoliaria). Thera 

 juniperata may be met with among juniper 

 bushes and Cheimatobia boreata in birch 

 woods, and besides these the Red Green 

 Carpet moth (Cidaria psittacata), the 

 Autumn Green Carpet moth (C. miata) and 

 the Streak (C7iesias Spartiata) are still out. 



Among the Deltoides, Eypena rostralis 

 should still be looked for at ivy blossom, 

 the Crambite (Ephestiafiscella) is also still 

 out, and among the Tortricina, Sarrothripa 

 revayana, Peronea tristana, P. rufana, P. 

 maccana, P. wribrwct and P. cristana still 

 occur. Of the Tineina Chimabacclie 

 pliryganella may be beaten out of oak and 

 bilberry and Tinea feruginclla should also 

 be looked for. Depressaria umbeUana may 

 still be beaten out of furze, and D. prop-in- 

 quella from among thistles. D. deprcssella 

 should be looked out for in September and 

 October where carrots and parsnips are 

 seeding. It expands seven lines ; the fore- 

 wings are reddish brown, with a large pale 

 yellowish spot on the inner margin just 

 beyond the middle, and this spot is followed 

 by a pale yellowish angulated fascia ; the 

 head is pale yellow. 



Among the larvae to be looked for in 

 October, I would mention the reddish brown 

 caterpillar oiEurymene dolobraria, with two 

 pale lines on the back and a protuberance 

 on the ninth segment, feeding on oak and 

 birch ; the greenish brown caterpillar of 

 Fidonia limbaria with yellow spiracular 

 line, feeding on broom ; the reddish grey, 

 marbled with black, Phibalapteryx vitalbata, 

 with lateral flesh coloured line, on Clematis, 

 and the dull grey one of Eerminia tarsipenn- 

 allis, with black triangular marks on the 

 back and four white dots on the anal segment, 

 feeding on raspberry. 



The dark brown chrysalis of Hadena 

 glauca, with spines on the tip and each 

 segment, should be looked for on the surface 

 of the earth under dead leaves in the 



neighbourhood of sallows, and the oval 

 coccoonof silk mixed with the earth, enclos- 

 ing the greenish brown pupa of Cucullia 

 scrophuliarice may be sought for on the 

 ground in October in places where figwort 

 and moth mullein are plentiful ; and in the 

 south the coccoon of 0. verbasci may be found 

 where the wooly mullein is plentiful. 



Among the other pupae to be found now, 

 I would mention those of Platypteryx falcida> 

 P. unguicula, Dicranurabicuspis, D. furcula, 

 B. bifida, Stauropus fagi> Clostera reclusa 

 and C. curtida. 



The chrysalis of Platypteryx falcula is 

 enclosed in a slight web inside a doubled 

 up birch leaf ; that of Platypteryx unguicula 

 is likewise enclosed in a slight web among 

 beech leaves ; in colour it is brown with 

 greenish wing cases. Dicranura bicuspis 

 makes a compact gummy coccoon on the 

 bark of alder trees, generally in the crevices 

 half-way down the tree. Dicranura furcula 

 pupates in a glutinous coccoon on the bark 

 of sallow not far from the ground. The 

 pupa of Dicranura bifida is very difficult to 

 find for the reason that it is enclosed in a 

 very thick and strong coccoon, so constructed 

 as to exactly fill up a cavity in the bark of 

 aspen tree gnawed by the caterpillar. 

 Dicranura vinula — as, of course, my readers 

 know — likewise constructs a very tough 

 coccoon on willow. 



Stauropus fagi spins a coccoon within 

 two or three oak or birch leaves. You may 

 look for it on the trees in the early part of 

 October ; subsequently you are more likely 

 to find it on the ground among the fallen 

 foliage. The dark brown rounded chrysalis 

 of Glosterareclusa is enclosed between united 

 aspen leaves, and Clostera curtula makes a 

 slight coccoon uniting sallow leaves. 



The following brief notes will, I trust, aid 

 you in finding the pupas of the "Prominent 

 Moths :— 



Ptilodontis palpina.-^&upa. in a slight 



