156 



THE YOUNG NATUEALIST. 



were made, it would very probably be found as destructive to living trees as 

 the preceding species. 



Brachonyx indigena is, I believe, destructive to fir trees in Scotland. 



PhloeophagUS aeneopiceus feeds beneath the bark of the ivy, when 

 decayed, at Barmouth. 



Rhyncolus lignarius feeds on rotten ash at Yale Crucus Abbey, 

 Llangollen. 



Mesites tardii lives in the wood of Ash trees at Killarney. 



Cryptorrhyncus lapathi resides in all its states in willows, the larva 

 bores into the trunk, from which proceeds a great quantity of frass resembling 

 sawdust. It occurs at Blackpool. 



Hylastes ater is destructive to pines and larch, especially when these 

 have been injured. 



H- opacus is of similar habits. 



H- palliatus similar, but more abundant, forming galleries and cham- 

 bers in which there are sometimes a dozen or more specimens. 



H« trifolii. The larva and perfect insect are under the bark of gorse or 

 whin. It occurs at the Isle of Man. 



HylurgUS piniperda feeds in the young shoots of Finns sylvestris, 

 sometimes in the trunks of living trees : it betrays itself in the latter by light 

 coloured spots of resin, which exudes from the bark where it has been feeding, 

 with a hole in the centre through which the beetle has emerged. It is really 

 astonishing, considering the abundance of this species, and its preference of 

 feeding in young shoots, how it is possible for any trees to grow that are not 

 bush-headed. This insect is very destructive on the Continent. 



H- hederaB is a very much smaller and lighter coloured insect than the 

 preceding, and much rarer. It feeds beneath the bark of the ivy in Dunham 

 Park. 



PMcephthorus rhododactylus is a very small species which feeds 

 under the bark of the broom. 



Hylesinus crenatus. A small brown species, feeding in ash trees, the 



perfect insects make a burrow beneath the bark of the tree where their deposit 

 their ova; the larva feed under the bark, it may easily be found by the great 

 number of recently bored holes in the bark about the size of a pellet. 



H- fraxini is a species which is very destructive to ash trees. The per- 

 fect insect bores its burrows into and under the bark, where it deposits its 

 eggs on each side of its burrow. The larva feed at almost right angles from 

 the burrow of the parent beetle, and it is from this habit of always engraving 



