5 



"Royal William/' probably as a compliment to His Eoyal Highness, William 

 Duke of Cumberland, who was popular for his defeat of the rebels in 1745, 

 about the time when this insect appears to have been first particularly noticed. 

 The caterpillar is large and beautiful, smooth and pale green on the back, 

 being striped with black transverse lines, in the same manner as the stripes 

 of the zebra, on which lines are spots of fine crimson. It feeds principally 

 on wild fennel." 



In " White's Natural History of Selborne " is a comparative view of the 

 Calendar of Selborne, kept by the Rev. Gilbert White, at Selborne, in Hamp- 

 shire, and William Marwick, Esq., at Catsfield, near Battle, in Sussex. In 

 it we read : "Swallow-tailed butterfly appears August 2nd. White; April 

 20th, June 7th, last seen August 28th. Markwich." 



In the end of June, 1798, several larvae were found by the Eev. Dr. 

 Abbott, at Windlesham, near Bagshot, in Surrey ; from these, in the follow- 

 ing August, he reared some splendid Swallow-tails. 



In his "Lepidoptera Britanica, published in ISOo, Haworth writes, " I 

 know that Machaon breeds near Beverly, in Yorkshire, yet, and my brother- 

 in-law, R. Scales, of Walworth, near London, possesses a specimen of it which 

 was taken there about seven years ago. 



In the obituary list for 1815, might have been inserted the following : 

 Machaon. — August 17th, at Glanvilles Wootton, from a nip of the fingers, 

 Machaon, the last Duke of Cumberland, in Dorsetshire ; having survived 

 his distinguished predecessor W illiam Duke of Cumberland, who defeated the 

 rebels in 1715, seventy years; and his celebrated namesake — Machaon — the 

 son of .zEsculapius, the world-renownad physician of the Greek and Trojan 

 war, about a thousand years. Between the years 1805 and 1815, several 

 were taken in Dorsetshire : at Hinton Martel, by the Eev. W. Storey ; at 

 Charminster, by Mr. Garland ; at Cranborne ; at Winborne, near Blandford ; 

 and at Glanvilles Wootten. In August, 1808, my father took twelve speci- 

 mens on three consecutive days. They used to frequent chalk-hills, and 

 smelled very strongly of mint. 



About the same time the Eev. C. Kingsley, L.L.D. met with it in great 

 plenty in Cowslip Meadow, near Lymington, and it was also taken at Eed- 

 lane, near Bristol, by the Eev. W. Ray, and in Glamorganshire. The Eev. 

 Mr. Newman also met with it at West Camel, and the Eev. E. Burney at 

 Eympton, in Somersetshire. Mr, W. Shrimshire took it in plenty at Wis- 

 beach, in Cambridgeshire, and his brother Dr. F. Shrimshire, at Peterborough, 

 in Northamptonshire, and it was also taken in great plenty by my father, 

 at Whittlesea Mere, in the year 1811. 



In his " Entomologist's Compendium," published in 1819, George Samo- 



