340 



THE lOUNG NATUEALTST. 



7. PIERIS NAPI. 



The Green-veined. — Common in coun- 

 try lanes, railway embankments, &c. The 

 first brood appears In April and May ; the 

 second in July and August. The larva is 

 seldom seen, feeding less on plants of culti- 

 vation than the other common whites. It 

 should be looked for on cress, rocket, &c. 

 The pupa from the second brood remains 

 over the winter. 



8. PIERIS RAP^. 



The Common White. — Abundant every- 

 where, particularly in the neighbourhood 

 of towns where suburban kitchen gardens 

 provide an abundant supply of food. The 

 first brood appears in April and May ; the 

 second in July and August. The larva is 

 abundant on cabbage, and also on garden 

 mignionette [Reseda odorata). It is not so 

 gregarious as that of the next species. The 

 pupa may readily be found under copings 

 of walls, on rails, &c. It is said to vary in 

 hue in harmony with the colour of the place 

 to which it is attached. The pupse of the 

 second brood remain over the winter. 



9. PIERIS BRASSIC^. 



The Large White. — The remarks made 

 respecting the last species apply equally 

 well to this, except that the spring brood 

 emerge rather later, and the larvae are fre- 

 quent on nasturtium instead of mignionette. 



10. APORIA CRAT^GI. 



The Bi ack-veined White. — Only in the 

 south, but generally abundant where it does 

 occur. It flies in June. The larvae are 

 gregarious when young, and spin a white 

 web, into which they retire for rest and 

 hybernation. In spring they separate, and 

 are full fed by the end of May. 



II. LEUCOPHASIA SINAPIS. 

 The Wood White. — Is generally distri- 

 buted in the south of England, rare or more 

 local in the north, and does not occur in 

 Scotland. Not uncommon in some parts of 

 Ireland. Like the common whites, it is 



double brooded, appearing in May and 

 August. It flies in open places in woods, or 

 shady lanes, and is rarely seen to settle. 

 The larva feeds on vetches, but is seldom 

 found. 



(To he contimied) . 



BRITISH BIRDS. THEIR 

 NESTS AND EGGS. 



By S. L. Mosley. 



25. FIELDFARE. 

 Turdtis pilaris, Linn. f 

 Bjork trast (Sweden). 

 Baflerastes (Lapland). 

 Pilaris.— " Like a ball" (Nich. Diet.). 

 I do not see what reference this word has i 

 to the fieldfare. I 

 Size. — Length, i oin.; expanse, I ft. 5 in. I 



Plumage. — Bill brownish at the tip 

 and yellow at the base ; eyes dark brown ; 

 eyelids yellow ; top of head s'aty blue, each 

 feather with a black centre ; a light streak 

 over the eye, and a dark one from the bill 

 to the eye ; back of neck and ear coverts 

 slaty blue ; back and wing coverts brown ; 

 rump slaty blue ; tail bluish black ; primaries 

 blackish, edged with paler colour ; throat, 

 breast, and flanks buff, with blackish spots 

 and markings ; belly white ; legs dark brown ; 

 claws black. The sexes differ very slightly, i 



Young. — The young of the fieldfare is f 

 marked very like the young of the missel 

 thrush of the same age, except darker. 



Varieties. — Several pied varieties are 

 recorded, and do not seem rare. One is in 

 Mr. Bond's collection, and another very 

 handsome pied bird is in the possession of 

 Mr. T. H. Briggs, Others are recorded by 

 Jardine as having the whole colour of a 

 paler tint. Mr. Bond has seen two speci- 

 mens very dark, approaching melanism. 



Note. — The ordinary note is " Yack, 

 yack," uttered both on the wing and after 

 the birds alight. During the breeding sea- 

 son they utter a harsh chatter, and Yarre] 



