THE yOUNG NATUEALIST. 



843 



and they may then be found and destroyed. 



Beet Fly {Anthoni^ia hetce).— The grub 

 of this fly mines the leaves of beet and 

 marigold, causing large blotches and weak- 

 ening the plants. 



Remedies. — Dressing with anything to 

 ' cause a vigorous growth. Cuttiug off in- 

 fcsted leaves and destroying them. 



CabDage — Cabbage Aphis [AjyMs 

 brassiere). — These plant lice weaken the 

 , plants by sucking away the juices. They 

 breed very fast. The mature insects have 

 wings. 



i^" Remedies. — Syringing with tobacco and 

 lime water, or soft soap suds. Encourage 

 i^. ladybird beetles, &c. ^see "rose.") 

 5 Cabbage White Butterflies {Pieris 

 ate Wassica and rapcB).— The caterpillars of 

 uiij these two butterflies feed upon cabbage 

 iuii; and other things. 



Remedies. — Hand picking. A small ich- 

 neumon fly {Aj^anteles glomeratns) is a natu- 

 ral enemy of the former, laying its eggs in, 

 ,sth: md killing the caterpillar. The yellow 

 :ocoons of this fly may be found in clusters 

 ibout the old larva skin, and should not be 

 lestroycd. 



Cabbage Fly {Antliomyia, brassias). — 

 The grub of this fly eat into the stem and 

 oots, causing disease and letting in water 

 vhich rots the stem. 

 Remedies. — Applications of lime water 

 r superphosphate of lime. The insects 

 iropagate most rapidly where the ground 

 s cropped with cabbage from one year to 

 nother. 



Cabbage Moth {Mamcstra brassiccc].— 

 he caterpillar of this moth bores into the 

 leart of the cabbage, eating the leaves and 

 illing it with filth. 



Remedies. — Hand picking. Throwing 

 Id gas lime upon the plants. Digging up 

 he pupae in the autumn from the ground 

 bout. 



Powder Wing [Akyrodcs prohtcUa) . — 

 'his small powdery white insect lives by 



-Tt: 



sucking the juices of the plants, and is 

 sometimes very numerous. 



Remedy. — Cutting off the infested leaves 

 and destroying them. 



Cabbage Gall Weevil {Ceiitorhyyichus 

 sulciculUs) .—The grub of this beetle forms 

 galls on the underground part of the stem 

 and root. 



Remedies. — Burning old infested plants, 

 and dressing the ground with gas lime after 

 a crop has been infested. 



Carrot.— Carrot Fly {Psila roses).— 

 The grub of this two-winged fly bores into 

 the carrot root, causing diseased rust- 

 coloured marks. 



Remedies. — Well manure the ground in 

 the autumn, and after with salt or gas lime 

 before sowing. Sow sparingly, so as not to 

 require thinning, as this seems to attract 

 the fly ; should thinnings be needed, it 

 should be done while the plants are young. 

 Water the ground with a mixture of two 

 wine-glass-fulls of paraffin to a gallon of 

 water, or with alum water. Lime, wood- 

 ashes, spirits of tar mixed with sand, and 

 soot are also recommended as useful dress- 

 ings. 



The caterpillars of several species cf small 

 moths [Deprcssaria) sometimes attack the 

 leaves or flowers of carrot. They draw the 

 parts together by silken threads. 



Remedies. — The parts affected may be 

 plucked and the caterpillars destroyed, care 

 being taken that they do dot wriggle out 

 and fall to the ground. 



Celery. — Celery Leaf-miner {Toj)7iri' 

 tis ompordinis). — The grub which produces 

 this fly mines the leaves, making large 

 puckered blotches. 



Remedy. — The surest remedy is to gather 

 infested leaves and burn them. This, and 

 all kinds of infested leaves, should not be 

 thrown upon the rubbish heap, as the flios 

 go through their transformation and re- 

 appear to destroy the next crop. 



(7"c> be coiitinuiJ.) 



