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Europe. This, like many other boreal specimens, is smaller and darker than 

 the type, the spots coalescing into bands. 



The egg is of a blunt conical shape, with its lower surface, which adheres 

 to the leaf, flattened, its sides are ribbed ; at first it is of a dull greenish 

 yellow colour, but turns afterwards to a brown. Towards the end of June 

 the caterpillar is hatched, being then of a pale greenish tint, but after the 

 first moult it becomes of a browner green, and about the middle of July it 

 attaches itself to the plant and ceases to feed. (W. Buckler.) 



The caterpillar, when full-grown, is black, with bluish white stripes on the 

 sides, and a few white spots on the back. The spines on the back are yel- 

 low, with black tips, head and legs black, claspers dull. It feeds on the 

 leaves of the dog violet ( Viola canina), but is rarely met with, and Mr. G. E. 

 Matthew informed Mr. Buckler that they are seldom seen on their food- 

 plant, but generally on a dead leaf in its immediate neighbourhood, or a twig 

 above it. Mr. Buckler records its pace when walking as being very rapid ; 

 and that sometimes it fed for a while on the dog violet leaves, and that it 

 sometimes rested quite still basking in the rays of the sun ; when these were 

 withdrawn it retired to the underside of a leaf and there remained, apparently 

 without motion, till the hour (viz. : 2 p.m.) of the next day which brought 

 the sun round to the window in which its cage was placed, and then at once 

 it came forth and walked actively about, feeding and basking as before. On 

 May 5th it had changed to a chrysalis, suspended by the tail to a circular 

 mass of silk spun upon the side of the glass cylinder, hanging about three- 

 quarters of and inch from the earth. 



The chrysalis, five-eights of an inch in length, is moderately stout and 

 rather sharply pointed, much curved in outline, and warty : it is grey brown 

 in colour, with a few dots of a paler shade ; the wing cases are long in pro- 

 portion and dull brown in tint. 



The butterfly emerges at the end of April (Lewin saw it flying once as 

 early as the 12th), but more frequently in May, and continues on the wing 

 during the earlier part of June. The caterpillar is hatched at the end of 

 June or begining of July, but does not as a rule feed up till spring in this 

 country. Sometimes, however, it does so, and the butterfly appears in 

 September, but the instances are few and far between. 



M. Yandover has published in the " Ann Soc, Linn.," Paris, September, 

 1827, some curious observations upon the lethargy of the caterpillars of Bid 

 and Euphrosyne. Some caterpillars reared from eggs of the latter, when 

 about a month old, fell into a lethargic state at the end of June, in which 

 they remained until the following spring : a few, however, revived in August, 

 and became butterflies the same autumn. The same experiment made upon 



