1788] OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 15 



To this court is likewife given authority to grant probates of willa 

 and adminiftration of the perfonal eftates of inteftates dying within the 

 fettlement. 



In addition to thefe courts for the trial of crimes, the Governor, the 

 lieutenant-governor, and the judge-advocate for the time being, are 

 by His Majefty's letters-patent conftituted juftices for the prefervation 

 of the peace of the fettlement, with the fame power that juftices of 

 the peace have in England within their refpe&ive jurifditlions. 



There is alfo a vice-admiralty court for the trial of offences com- 

 mitted upon the high feas, of which the lieutenant-governor is con- 

 ftituted. The Governor has, befide that of captain-general, a cora- 

 miflion conftituting him vice-admiral of the territory ; and another 

 vefting him with authority to hold general courts-martial, and to con- 

 firm or fet afide the fentence. The major-commandant of the de- 

 tachment had the ufual power of affembling regimental or battalion 

 courts-martial for the trial of offences committed by the foldiers under 

 his command. 



By this account of the different modes of adminiftering and ob- 

 taining juftice which the legiflature had provided for this fettlement, it 

 is evident that great care had been taken, on their fetting out, to fur- 

 nifh them with a ftable foundation whereon to erecl: their little co- 

 lony ; a foundation which was eftablifhed in the puniflmient of vice, 

 the fecurity of property, and the prefervation of peace and good or- 

 der in the community. 



The Governor having alfo received inftruclions to eftablifh a fettle- 

 ment at Norfolk Ifland, the Supply failed for that place about the 

 middle of February, having on board Lieutenant King of the Si- 

 rius, named by Captain Phillip fuperintendant and commandant of 

 the fettlement to be formed there. Lieutenant King took with him 

 one furgeon, one petty officer, two private foldiers, two perfons who 

 pretended to fome knowledge in flax- dreffi ng, and nine male and fix 

 female convicts, moftly volunteers. This little party was to be landed 

 with tents, clothing for the convids, implements of hufbandry, tools 



c for 



