I38  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  GEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY.  [May  1 893, 
the  geological  map  of  the  district,  although  confirming  the  surmise 
of  Prof.  Hull  as  to  the  Permian  age  of  certain  beds  of  a  brecciated 
character. 
Intercalated  between  the  Bunter  conglomerates  and  the  truncated 
edges  of  the  Carboniferous  strata  at  various  points  are  thin  beds  of 
purple,  marly  breccias  and  sandstones,  seldom  exceeding  30  or  40 
feet,  but  differing  in  lithological  character  from  the  overlying  and 
underlying  rocks.  The  brecciated  series  rests  with  striking  uncon¬ 
formity  upon  the  Carboniferous  ;  moreover,  a  fault  which  throws 
the  Coal-measures  to  the  extent  of  nearly  1000  feet  does  not  affect 
the  overlying  series  beyond  some  20  or  30  feet.  The  dying-out  of 
the  forces  of  dislocation  in  the  Permian  beds,  the  Author  subse¬ 
quently  remarks,  is  a  valuable  chronological  index.  The  disturbances 
affecting  the  lower  beds  can  be  connected  with  the  Pennine  axis, 
to  the  southerly  extension  of  which  they  owe  their  origin,  affording 
further  proof  of  the  pre-Permian  age  of  that  axis.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  unconformity  between  the  brecciated  series  and  the 
Bunter  is  less  obvious,  but  the  Author  was  able  to  instance  sections 
proving  double  unconformity.  In  addition,  the  lithological  characters 
of  the  Leicestershire  Permians  serve  to  differentiate  them  both  from 
the  Trias  and  Carboniferous  of  that  district.  They  consist  of  red 
and  variegated  marls,  bands  of  breccia,  and  of  fine-grained  yellowish 
sandstone.  The  breccia-fragments  are  but  little  waterworn,  the 
most  abundant  materials  consisting  of  quartzo-felspathic  grits  with 
associated  grey  flinty  slates,  vein-quartz,  volcanic  ash,  and  igneous 
rocks,  all  derived  from  the  older  Palaeozoics,  while  the  Carboniferous 
rocks  supply  limestones,  grits,  and  haematite. 
The  bulk  of  this  material  he  regarded  as  having  been  derived  from 
a  sub-Triassic  ridge  of  older  rocks  a  few  miles  to  the  southward. 
Evidence  was  given  of  the  probability  of  such  a  ridge  in  the  country 
between  Hartshill  and  Charnwood.  Owing  to  certain  optical 
characters  observed  in  the  breccia,  he  thought  it  preferable  to  take 
this  view  rather  than  to  seek  the  origin  of  the  fragments  in  the 
more  distant  Hartshill. 
The  Author  concluded  that  the  Permian  rocks  of  the  Leicester¬ 
shire  Coal-field  belong  to  the  same  area  of  deposition  as  those  of 
Warwickshire  and  South  Staffordshire,  all  having  formed  part  of 
the  detrital  deposits  of  the  Permian  lake,  which  extended  north¬ 
ward  from  Warwickshire  and  Worcestershire,  and  the  margin  of 
which  was  the  Pennine  Chain.  In  Warwickshire,  however,  the 
break  between  the  Coal-measures  and  the  Permian  is  less  than  it  is 
in  the  Leicestershire  Coal-field,  since  in  the  former  case  there  is  an 
