Yol.  49.]  ST.  CASSIAN  STRATA  IX  SOUTHERN  TYROL.  23 
may  be  distinguished  from  an  upper  series,  where  the  rocks  remain 
comparatively  free  from  the  black  volcanic  material  and  are  filled 
with  remains  of  Posidonomyci  wengensis. 
1 
Kuones. 
Prelongei. 
Sett  Sass  and 
Monte  Sief. 
m 
© 
'Upper  Wengen  Beds 
(not  more  than  100 
feet  thick). 
■Nos.  7  &  6 
Nos.  7  &  6 
Nos.  8a  &  8  (in  Cas- 
tello  section) 
P3 
52  - 
© 
fcJO 
© 
Lower  Wengen  Beds 
(not  less  than  200 
feet  thick). 
Nos.  5-3 
Nos.  5  &  4 
Nos.  7-5  (Monte 
Sief) 
£ 
Augite  -  porphyry, 
tuffs,  and  Halobici- 
K  shales. 
Nos.  2  &  1 
Nos.  3  &  2 
Nos.  4-2  (ibid.) 
| 
Buchenstein  Beds. 
Buchenstein  Beds. 
It  is  more  especially  in  the  Lower  Wengen  Series  of  black  tuffs 
and  thin-bedded  shales  that  the  bending  and  faulting  occur.  The 
augite-porphyry  is  very  thick,  and,  together  with  the  tuffs  and  black 
Halobia- shales  of  Corvara,  adds  a  considerable  thickness  to  the 
"Wengen  Series. 
Only  after  a  detailed  examination  of  the  Mengen  and  St.  Cassian 
Beds,  such  as  has  been  above  attempted,  is  it  possible  to  attain 
a  clear  idea  of  the  tectonic  relations  of  the  neighbourhood  of  St.  Cas¬ 
sian.  I  could  only  map  the  main  faults ;  while  the  numerous 
small  disturbances  in  the  beds  of  a  single  series  could  not  be  shown 
in  the  reduced  map  which  accompanies  this  paper.  But  the  fact 
that  it  is  impossible  to  walk  for  half  an  hour  in  these  meadows 
without  meeting  some  apparently  insignificant  change  in  the  strike 
and  dip  is,  if  in  the  beginning  bewildering,  in  the  end  the  surest 
testimony  that  the  whole  succession  has  been  subjected  at  one  time 
or  another  to  great  strain  and  pressure ;  the  small  faults  within  the 
series  of  softer  beds  have  thus  an  important  significance  with  regard 
to  much  greater  faults  in  the  near  vicinity. 
The  outlying  parts  of  the  geological  map  of  Prelongei  and  Sett 
Sass,  those  towards  the  Sella  massif ,  Centurinus  Spitz,  and  Lagazuoi, 
were  not  examined  in  the  same  detail  as  the  central  area,  but  only 
with  the  view  of  confirming  the  broad  features  of  the  succession 
and  of  determining  the  tectonic  relations  of  the  district. 
Sections  4  and  5.  Enneberg  (. Abtey ).  (See  pp.  26,  28.) 
The  next  two  sections  which  will  be  considered  are  taken  from 
the  Abtey  portion  of  Enneberg ;  they  are  to  the  north  of  the 
area  included  within  Map  A.  The  first  is  drawn  in  an  east- 
and-west  direction  from  the  Kreuz  Kofi  (9500  feet)  through  the 
exposures  beside  the  Heiligkreuz  Ivirche  (a  pilgrimage  chapel  at 
a  height  of  6600  feet),  meets  the  Gader  stream  (4200  feet),  and 
