Yol.  49.] 
THE  WENGEN  AND  ST.  CASSIAN  STRATA. 
27 
Richthofen  described  the  stratigraphical  position  of  the I 2 *  4  Heilig¬ 
kreuz  strata  ’  as  being  above  the  St.  Cassian  Beds,  and  remarked 
that  it  was  possible,  owing  to  similarity  of  the  fossils,  to  look  upon 
the  4  Heiligkreuz  strata  ’  merely  as  a  higher  stage  of  St.  Cassian. 
However,  influenced  by  other  reasons,  and  from  the  fact  that  at  that 
time  the  same  fauna  had  not  elsewhere  been  found  either  in  the 
Raibl  or  St.  Cassian  Beds  of  the  district,  he  concluded  that  they 
belonged  in  reality  to  a  much  higher  horizon  than  the  St.  Cassian  Beds. 
Stur 1  found  the  same  fossils  as  those  collected  by  Wissmann,  also 
Myophoria  chenopus ,  Laube,  and  Carclinia  problematical  Klipst.  A 
comparison  of  the  fossils  found  at  the  horizon  of  the  4  Heiligkreuz 
strata  9  and  in  the  higher  horizon  of  beds  containing  Ostrea  montis- 
caprilis ,  Klipst.,  led  Stur  to  group  the  whole  series  together  as  the 
probable  equivalent  in  age  of  the  4  Torer  ’  horizon  of  Raibl  strata 
( i .  e.  Upper  Raibl).  He  noted,  however,  certain  resemblances 
between  the  special  mode  of  development  of  the  4  Heiligkreuz  strata 9 
and  the  strata  on  the  Eorcella  di  Sett  Sass — both  he  regarded  as 
Raibl  Beds.  Mojsisovies,  on  the  other  hand,  assigned  the  Heilig¬ 
kreuz  Series  (4  Dolomit  Rifle/  pp.  263,  264)  to  Lower  Raibl,  resting 
conformably  on  St.  Cassian  strata  containing  ffalobia  cassiana,  Hojs. 
sp.,  H.  Hichthofeni ,  Hojs.  sp.,  etc. 
After  comparison  of  the  fossils  from  the  4  Heiligkreuz  Schichten  ’ 
of  Wissmann  (sections  on  pp.  24  &  25)  I  regard  these  beds  as  a  true 
St.  Cassian  horizon,  succeeded  unconformably  at  Heiligkreuz  by  a 
true  Raibl  horizon  (viz.  the  Os^vm-limestone,  etc.).  For  there 
is  no  characteristic  fossil  in  the  4  Heiligkreuz  strata 5  which  has  not 
been  found  in  the  St.  Cassian  strata,  either  on  Stuores  or  below 
Sett  Sass.  Anoplophora  Munsteri ,  Wissm.,  and  Avicida  Gea,  d’Orb., 
occur  in  the  strata  below  Sett  Sass.  The  Ptyclio stomata  occur  on 
Stuores  ;  Myophoria  chenopus ,  Laube  (identified  by  Wohrmann  with 
Myophoria  Wliateleyce ,  Buch,  sp.,  a  characteristic  Raibl  form)  is 
found  both  below  Sett  Sass  and  on  Stuores  Wiese,  as  also  Cardita 
crenata ,  Goldf. 
The  peculiarity  of  the  fauna  rests  alone  in  the  fact  that  at 
Heiligkreuz  the  species  are  few  and  the  individuals  very  numerous. 
In  the  main  the  fauna  is  of  St.  Cassian  type,  although  some  species 
are  common  to  the  later  4  Raibl J  period.  The  horizon  of  the 
4  Heiligkreuz  Schichten  9  is  higher  than  the  St.  Cassian  strata  of 
Prelongei  and  Forcella  di  Sett  Sass,  and  may  be  called  44  Upper 
St.  Cassian.” 
I  must  briefly  mention  Section  5  (p.  28)  to  the  north  of  Gar- 
denazza.  On  going  over  the  pass  between  the  Gader  and  Campil 
valleys,  St.  Cassian  fossils  are  found  among  the  rocks  below  Gar- 
denazza.  Just  as  on  the  eastern  side,  the  marls  and  limestones  on 
1  Stur,  ‘  Eine  Excursion  in  die  Umgegend  von  St.  Cassian,’  Jahrb.  d.  k.  k. 
geol.  Reichsanstalt,  1868,  pp.  555,  556,  and  ‘  Beitrage  zur  Kenntniss  d.  geol. 
Verhaltnisse  d.  Umgegend  von  Raibl  u.  Kaltwasser,’  ibid.  pp.  111-117. 
2  Cardinia  ( TJnio)  problematica,  Klipst.  sp.,  is  quoted  by  Klipstein  as 
occurring  in  beds  at  a  much  lower  horizon  on  the  slopes ;  see  his  ‘  Beitrage  zur 
geol.  Kenntniss  d.  ostlichen  Alpen,’  p.  265,  Giessen,  1843. 
