Vol.  49.] 
ST.  CASSIAS  STRATA  IN  SOUTHERN  TYROL. 
65 
the  result  of  observations  he  had  previously  made  here.  The  marls 
and  limestones  on  the  ridge  are  St.  Cassian  strata,  above  which 
Schlern  Dolomite  follows  conformably.  The  dolomite  has,  however, 
only  a  thickness  of  80-100  feet,  and  is  then  faulted  against  the 
Dachstein  Dolomite  of  La  Varella.  Very  little  farther  north  Dr. 
Bothpletz  had  seen  the  succession  of  Baibl  Beds  in  full  sequence. 
The  outcrop  of  the  Baibl  Beds  is  therefore  cut  off  on  this  ridge 
by  a  north-and-south  fault.  As  I  have  already  mentioned,  the 
Schlern  Dolomite  is  also  faulted  against  the  Dachstein  Dolomite  on 
the  southern  wall  of  Centurinus  Spitz  (see  Map  A,  facing  p.  18). 
Considering  now  the  relations  on  the  northern  side  of  Kreuz  Kofi, 
we  find  the  high  Alpe  of  Armentara,  on  which  Wengen  tuffs  are 
in  place ;  only  a  small  outcrop  of  St.  Cassian  strata  occurs  close  to 
the  mass  of  debris  from  the  Kofi.  Dachstein  Dolomite  then  rises  at 
once  as  a  precipitous  crag,  faulted  from  the  strata  on  the  Alpe. 
These  facts — namely,  that  different  horizons  of  Baibl  strata 
meet  St.  Cassian  strata,  and  that  Dachstein  Dolomite  is  brought 
down  to  the  level  of  Schlern  Dolomite  and  of  St.  Cassian  rocks — - 
prove  that  an  important  fault-line,  whose  general  direction  is 
north  and  south,  occurs  along  the  western  limit  of  Kreuz  Kofi  and 
La  Varella.  This  conclusion  need  not  surprise  us  when  we  con¬ 
sider  that  these  mountains  are  included  within  the  sunken  area 
of  Dachstein  Dolomite.  The  Gardenazza  massif,  together  with  the 
whole  system  of  strata  in  the  Enneberg  Valley,  is  less  deeply  sunk 
than  Kreuz  Kofi,  and,  further,  the  downthrow  of  the  Gardenazza 
massif  is  locally  minimized  by  the  anticlinal  folding  of  the  strata 
in  the  Enneberg  VaJ[)ey. 
I  must  say  a  few  words  in  explanation  of  Section  5  (p.  28).  At 
that  section  the  St.  Cassian  strata  strike  east-and-west,  and  dip 
gently  below  the  northern  wall  of  Gardenazza,  whereas  in  Section  4 
(p.  26,  across  the  Enneberg  Valley)  the  same  beds  strike  north- 
and-south.  The  strata  therefore  bend  round,  as  is  also  the  case 
north  of  Kreuz  Kofi,  towards  the  Armentara  Alpe.  At  the  lowest 
point  of  the  pass  between  Enneberg  and  Campil,  Wengen  strata 
are  exposed;  these  may  be  followed  westward  and  are  seen  to 
crop  out  on  the  Campil  Alpe  a  little  south  of  the  saw-mills.  This 
outcrop  is  farther  north  than  the  position  of  the  same  strata  on  the 
pass,  and  although,  owing  to  the  rich  vegetation,  there  are  few 
points  at  which  a  dip-and-strike  reading  can  be  obtained  with 
certainty,  it  may  be  concluded  from  their  direction  of  outcrop  that 
the  Wengen  Beds  dip  steeply  northward.  The  succeeding  strata  form 
outstanding  features,  and  are  more  easily  studied.  Augite-porphyry, 
Buchenstein,  and  Muschelkalk  strata  appear  northward  from  the  pass 
in  the  usual  succession,  but  their  strike  is  east-and-west,  and  they 
dip  steeply  towards  the  north.  Again,  below  the  two  saw-mills,  on 
the  Campil  Alpe,  the  beds  occur  in  the  same  way,  and  the  Werfen  Beds 
are  also  exposed.  This  inverted  succession  of  older  Trias  must  be 
separated  from  the  St.  Cassian  Beds  below  Gardenazza  by  a  fault¬ 
line.  Farther  north  the  same  beds  form  a  normal  succession,  as  anti¬ 
cline  and  syncline,  the  latter  extending  north  to  the  pre-Triassic  schists. 
Q.  J.  G.  S.  No.  193.  e 
