528 
DR.  A.  DUNLOP  ON  RAISED  REACHES  AND  [NoV.  1 893, 
the  statements  of  the  finders,  who  are  intelligent  men  accustomed 
to  work  in  the  clay. 
In  a  brickfield  at  Five  Oaks,  about  2  miles  from  the  coast,  and 
some  240  feet  above  spring-tide  high-water  mark,  the  proprietor, 
Mr.  Copp,  told  me  that  some  twenty  years  ago  three  round  smooth 
stones  had  been  found  lying ,near  each  other  near  the  bottom  of  the 
clay,  where  it  reached  a  depth  of  from  14  to  20  feet.  A  fragment 
of  one  of  these  stones,  forming  about  two-thirds  of  its  original 
bulk,  was  shown  to  me.  It  was  a  smooth  oval  piece  of  fine  red 
granite  with  one  end  knocked  off,  and  its  longest  axis  had  originally 
measured  over  14  inches.  The  other  stones  had  not  been  preserved. 
At  another  brickfield,  on  the  St.  John’s  Road,  probably  over 
200  feet  above  spring-tide  mark  and  about  2  miles  from  the  coast, 
the  proprietor  (Mr.  Champion)  told  me  that  he  had  often  found 
rounded  pebbles — “just  like  potatoes” — in  the  yellow  clay.  At  a 
subsequent  visit  he  gave  me  five  pebbles  which  he  had  recently 
found.  They  were  all  about  2  or  3  inches  in  their  greatest  length, 
smooth  and  rounded,  one  being  nearly  a  perfect  sphere.  Three  of 
them  were  of  fine-grained  red  granite,  one  was  of  diorite,  and 
another  of  hard,  dark-bluish  felsite  (?).  The  nearest  granite,  of  a 
texture  somewhat  similar  to  that  of  the  granite-pebbles,  occurs  at 
Mont  Mado — the  highest  part  of  the  island — about  3  miles  to  the 
northward,  and  to  the  west  of  Mont  Mado  there  is  some  diorite, 
from  which  the  pebble  of  that  rock  may  have  been  derived.  Whence 
the  felsite-pebble  could  have  originated  I  cannot  say.  These  stones 
were  found  at  depths  varying  from  5  to  9  feet  below  the  surface. 
The  facts  now  brought  forward  sufficiently  prove,  I  think,  that 
Jersey  has  undergone  submergence  to  a  greater  extent  than  has 
been  hitherto  suspected.  The  high  beach  at  South  Hill  and  the 
well-worn  rock  above  it  show  that  the  island  was  at  one  time 
depressed  at  least  130  feet  below  its  present  level,  and  that  this 
submergence  was  of  considerable  duration.  The  rolled  stones  in  the 
clay  at  Five  Oaks  and  at  the  brickfield  on  the  St.  John’s  Road 
would  seem  to  indicate  a  still  greater  degree  of  subsidence,  one 
that  must  have  brought  by  far  the  greater  part  of  the  island  under 
water.  The  number  of  beaches  at  the  40  or  50-foot  level  may  pos¬ 
sibly  be  the  result  of  the  shore  remaining  at  that  height  for  some 
length  of  time ;  the  low  beaches  seen  at  different  points  nearly  all 
round  the  island,  a  few  feet  above  the  present  high-tide  mark,  show 
a  pause  slightly  above  the  level  of  to-day.  When  the  land  rose 
after  these  periods  of  submergence  it  would  appear  that  the 
upheaval  went  on  until  it  reached  a  height  somewhat  above  the 
present  level,  and  that  this  elevation  lasted  long  enough  to  leave 
well-marked  traces  behind  it,  for  nearly  all  round  the  coast  remains 
of  sunken  forests  and  trunks  of  large  trees  have  been  found.1  Also, 
1  *  Forets  sous-marines,  etc./  Rev.  Pere  Noury,  in  Compte-rendu  du  Congres 
Scientif.  Internat.  des  Catholiques,  Paris,  1891 ;  ‘  Sinkings  of  Land,’  Peacock 
(1868)  pp.  19-22 ;  ‘  Recueil  des  matieres  .  .  .  touch  ant  les  envahissements  de 
la  Mer/  Ool.  Le  Cornu,  Bull.  Soc.  Jersiaise,  1883. 
