7 
aBTopi.  npeACTaB.iaeTX  pa3BHTie  nxx  cpaBHUTe.ibHO  cx  3a- 
naAHHBMH  rocyAapcTBawn  Eßponw. 
Pa3CMOTp1&BT.  BX  nOApOÖHOCTIl  H CX  KpHTHHeCKOMX  B3r.1H- 
40MX  coAepjKaBie  Kanton  raaBbi  coHunenin  T pa<ra  ToacTa- 
ro,  T.  ycTpa^OBT.  3aK4iOHaeTX  peueiKHio  cbok)  caliAyiomnMn 
3aMtqaHiflMn  : aBTopy  npnHaA-ieaaiTX  necTb  nepBaro  yneHaro 
oöpaöoTMBania  niaTepiaaoBX,  KOTopbie  IIpaBUTe^bCTBO  0611a- 
pO/tOBa.io  bx  noc.iÈAnee  Bpewa  4-ia  no4b3bi  orenecTBeHnon 
HcTopin  cx  TaKusin  orpoMHbuin  noaiepTBOBaniaiun,  — ma- 
Tepia40BX  AparouikHHbixx  no  CBoeny  coAepaianiio,  nano.i- 
hihoihhxx  yase  MHorie  tomm  n 40  cuxt>  nopx  HaxOAHBHinxx 
TaKX  Ma.w  Tpy^ojioönBbixT.  usbiCKaTeaeii.  Bee,  hto  moh;ho 
6m40  u3Bjieab  nsx  aKTOBx,  nsAaiuibixx  Apxeorpa<i>naecKOio 
KowMnccieio,  4.1a  noacHeHia  CTapnmibixx  «amaHCOBbixx  yipe- 
iKAeHiii  Hawnxx,  öo.ibiueio  nacTiio  ii3B.ieaeno  F padoux  T0.1- 
CTblMX  Cl  OCOÔeHHblMl  TIHailieiMb,  Il  KaæAblH,  HTO  3Hai»OMT> 
ci  noAOÖHbimn  H3C4'jf>AOBaHiaMH,  cor.iaciiTca,  hto  eny  npea- 
CToa.ii  Tpyax  orpoMHbiii,  KOTopbiii  moikiio  ubi.io  npeo40- 
.liÈTb  TO.ibKO  pi&4KiïM'L  y Hacx  nocToancTBOBix.  Ma.10  Toro: 
HeyTOMOMbiH  TpyaiennKx,  Konenno,  yenfeen  coöpaTb  44a 
ibbI&ctboh  niifejiH  yua3aaia,  pa3Ctamibia  bx  HifecKOJbKnxi 
orpoMHbixx  TOiuaxb , h npnBecTii  nxx  bx  irfeKOTopyio  cn- 
CTeMy,  h npn  BceMX  tomx  coannenie  ero  ne  AOCTHrHeTX 
CBoeii  ecao  ii3biCKaTC4b  ne  oöaaAaeTX  TBepAbiMX  311a- 
Hieiwx  ochobhbixx  Haaa.ix  CBoeii  Haynn , 34paBbun>  Kpnrnae- 
CKHMi  CMbJC.'iOMij  neoôxoAHMMMx  ocTpoywieMx  4^ia  npaBO.ib- 
Haro  cooöpaaienia,  ucKyccTBomx,  npiiBOAHTb  aacTiiocm  bx 
CTpoBiiyio  cncTewy.  TaKHMn  hmchho  AOCTOiiHCTBaian  n ot- 
inaaeTca  pascMaTpnBaesioe  coanHenie.  He  B4aßaacb  bx  r4y6b 
BtKOBi,  bx  TewHoe  BpeMa , e4Ba  03apaemoe  CKa3aHiai»in  4i>- 
TonocaeBi,  n AosBO.iaiomee  H3C4l>AOBaTe4io  cocTaB.iaTb  Co- 
ffee 04H  »ieHie  npaß4ono40ÖHbia  npeAnoaoaienia,  aacro  4a- 
ase  CTponTb  cncTenibi  na  oahomx  c.iOBife,  neaaaHBO  oöpo- 
neHHOMTj  bx  .I'feToruicb,  aBTopx  Hauix  pa3cnaTpnBaeTX  Bpeiaa 
ncTopnaecKoe , 40CTynnoe  no.ioaiHTe.ibHbiHX  n3biCKaniai\ix, 
tIsmt,  ne  MeniÈe  eme  c.iaöo  ocBlkuiennoe  KpnmKOK),  He 
ynycKaeTx  n3x  Bnaa  nn  04iioro  aKTa,  KOTopbiii  OTHOcnTca 
Kl  ero  npe4MeTy,  Becbiwa  BaaîHowy  no  CBoeny  co4epa«aHiK), 
cpaBHHBaeTx,  c-inaaeTx  nona3aHia  cTaparo  npeMenn,  enpa- 
niDBaeTx  MnlÈHia  4pyrnxx,  n04BepraeTX  iixx  CTporon  no- 
ß'fepK'fe,  A-fe.iaeTx  coöcTBeHHbie  BbiBOAbi,  ofKpwBaeTx  Miioroe, 
f,er°  npe?K4e  ne  3aMiÊaa4n,  n bcé  cboh  nawcKaHia,  1104- 
TBep*4eHHbia  40KyweHTaiwn,  npeACTaB.iaeTx  bx  CTpoiiHon  cn- 
CTealfe,  n3B.ieaeniioii  H3X  cawon  cymnocTii  npe4weTa. 
AwaAeMia  Ti6iax  oxoTHifee  cor^acnaacb  ex  MHiaiienx  cbo- 
ero  KoMJinccapa,  na  BbiAaay  aBTopy  iio  ihoh  npoMiii , mto 
npn  M04040CTH  ero  TanoBoe  noompeiiie,  6e3x  coMHÈnia, 
noACTpeKHeTx  ero  kx  HOBbwix  ycntxanx  Ha  nonpiiuit  dc- 
TopnaecKOH  AnTepaTypbi  Haïuefi. 
IV. 
Pyccbo  - T pyaiiHCKÜi  AeKcmcoHX  BX  4ByXT>  TOMaxx , 4^° 
BH4a  4y6iiHOBa. 
Il3B.ieKaesix  nax  penenain  Ai.aAeMnfîa  Epocee  hXkoto- 
pbia  oöuiia  3aMXaaHia  o 3iiaaeHin  caoBapeiî  h3Mkobx  4Byxx 
paanorueMCHHbixx  napoAOBx,  rioiB.iacTHbixx  04ii0My  ckh- 
neTpy  11  cocToamnxx  no  aTony  bx  iienpepbiBiibixx  Bleary 
coöom)  CHOineniaxx. 
Koiay  ne  hsbIjctho,  hto  bx  nocaXAHee  naTHAecaTHjrfcTie 
yayauieiiie  oomecTBennaro  ôbiTa  bx  Tpysin  öbuo  co  cto- 
poiibi  Pyccnaro  npaBiiTe.ibCTBa  npeABieTOBix  CToabito  aie  mho-= 
ropa3JiHHiioii , ciiO.ibKo  h Heoc.iaoiioii  3aöoT.inBOCTn?  Oôpa- 
30Banie  AOo.iecTuaro  AyxoBencTBa,  ycTponcTBO  yaeÖHbixx 
3aBe4eHifi,  — coôbiTie  ôe3npni»r]fcpHoe  bo  bcc  AByxTbicaae- 
.1  jfeTnee  cymecTBOBanie  F pyaniiciiaro  napcTBa , — npoôyaiAe- 
nie  4l;aTe.ibnocTn  acM.ieAfe.ibneBX,  ToproBU,eBX  11  peBiecaeH- 
iiniiOBx,  o6y3Aame  yaa  ibCTBa,  noAroTOBKa  .110400  cnocoô- 
Hbixx  4.1a  Bef.xi,  OTpac.ieü  c.iya;6i>i  rocyAapcTBeimoii,  B04- 
Bopenie  naaa.ix  EsponeiiCKoa  oôpasoBanHOCTii  bx  40hX  no- 
•ly-AaiaTciiaro  napoAa,  — see,  hto  TO.ibuo  bosmohîiio  ôbiao 
CA^aaTb  n ncnbiTaTb , 6buo  iicno.ineHO  n npeAnpiHaTO  ; n 
naiiOHeux  bx  AOBepiueHie  bcïjxx  dthxx  GaaroAXTeabHbixx 
Mipx  u 44a  npnBeAenia  nxx  kx  onpcAiaenuon  pt.in , kx 
BameBiy  eAHHCTBy  n npaBiwbiiocTn,  BbicoHAiîuiE  noßeaXHO 
öbi.io,  HTOÔbi  i;aai4oro4iio  15  orôopniiiiuinxx  moaoahxx 
4i04eu  H3x  FnjiHasiH  u 3aBe4eniü  Tn<i>4Hca  nocTyna.in  bx 
PyccKie  y HnBepcnTeTbi  44a  OKonaaHia  Tanix  CBoero  Bocnn- 
Taaia. 
CT04bK0  3a6oT  b n noneHemn  o öaarX  otofo  Kpaa  ne 
Mor.in  ne  npiiHecTH  cboiixx  n.iOAOBx.  Ho  eiu,e  sia.io  6buo 
cÔ4H3HTb  Mea<4y  coôoio  HeA'ïi.uiMbixx , orpaiiHHeHHbixx  bx 
CBoeBix  HHC4Ï5  no  ecTecTBCHHOMy  nopaAKy  Bemea;  ocTasa- 
40Cb  noAfencTBOBaTb  n Ha  Maccy  oôXhxx  Haniii.  H bx  ca= 
momij  A'fc-cfc , Mbic.ieiiHO  nepeHoeacb  bx  öyviymnoCTb , mm  bu- 
4hmx  AyxoBeHCTBO , noHepHaiouiee  H3x  PyccKnxx  hctohhh- 
kobx  npoHiioe  6oroc40BCKoe  oôpa30Banie  n noceaaiomee 
ô.iaroTBopiibia  cfeiena  ero  bx  napoAïè  F py3HHCKOiux,  nyTeMX 
H3bir;a  npnpoAHaro  ; BI1411MX  ex  oahoh  CTopoiibi  ABopaHCTBO, 
coc40ßie  hhhobhhkobx,  H3B4eHeHHbixx  n3x  iiiiApx  Ty3e#maro 
Hace.ienia,  ncnoAOBO.ib  caaraiouuixx  ex  ce6a  CTapuHHoe  CBoe 
HeBfeaiecTBO,  oÔBeTiuaabie  npeApascyAKn,  nepcTByiOKOpy  4>eo- 
4,a4H3Ma , n AoiiasbiBaiomuxx  npiiM-ipoBix  cbohmx  cnacTAiiBOe 
B4iaHie  HOBaro  o6pa30Bama  11a  ô-iaroAeiiCTBie  Kpaa  n ô.iaroco- 
CToanie  atuTeaefi;  ex  Apyroii  aie  amoaiecTBO  AO.iaaiocTHbixx 
4HHX,  cHaöaiaejibixx  npieianbiBix  oTenecTBOBix,  ynoTpeöaaio- 
m,HXx  iipaBCTBeiiiibiii  h yjicTBeiiHbiii  nepeßXcx  cboh  ko  64 ary 
4pya;Haro  napoAa  n oônifeHnBaiomnxca  ex  iihmx  MbiC4aMii  u 
HAeaBin  Ha  npiipoAnoax  asbiKÈ.  HpaB4a,  hto  ciiomeHia  no- 
cpeACTBonix  To.iBia'ieii  mot4h  6bi  Ka3aTbca  AOCTaTOHiibiBiu  44a 
4rfe4eii  npaBHTe.ibCTBeHHbixx  h 44a  oôwKHOBeHHaro  060x04a; 
ho,  Kacaacb  T04bno  BepxyuieKx  oômecTBa,  ohX  o6pa3yiOTX 
4HH]b  HeoCxOAHMliHOiyiO  CBA3Ky  Hap04Ha.ro  6HTâ  fiiïWfly 
