xxi. 



published in the year 1800 ; and in 1803 appeared the first volume of the 

 " Lepidoptera Britannicse," by Alexander Hadrian Haworth, founder of the 

 Aurelian, afterwards Entomological Society of London. He includes all the 

 butterflies mentioned by Lewin, and in addition, Helice, the white female 

 variety of Edusa ; Eurypome, not a British species at all ; Polydama and 

 Typhon, varieties of Davus ; Charlotta, a variety of Aglaia ; Eos, a variety of 

 Athalia ; Chryseis, a doubtful British species ; Paniscus ; Tessellata, a 

 variety of Athalia ; Hampstediensis, not a British species, but an inhabitant 

 of Australia ; and Apollo, as a doubtful native, in the preface. 



The " Lepidoptera Britannica " was preceded in 1801, by the " Prodromus 

 Lepidopterorum Britannicaum," of the same author, but which was anony- 

 mously submitted to the inspection of the entomologial world. It was a 

 mere catalogue of names of lepidoptera, with their times and places of appear- 

 ance in the winged state. On the other hand, the " Lepidopoptera Britan- 

 nica " was the first work on British lepidoptera published upon a general 

 and scientific scale. 



In 1802, was likewise published at Edinburgh, the second volume of 

 Stewart's "Elements of Natural History," containing the entomological 

 portion, which is more extensive concerning British insects than any previous 

 work, but no less than twenty very doubtful ones are included. 



In 1806, was published " The British Miscellany/' by J. Sowerby, F.L.S. 

 The butterflies figured in it are Charlotta, Blandina, Ligea, and Chryseis. 



In 1812, was published the first volume of the "Transactions of the 

 Entomological Society of London"; and in 1819, SamoueUVs "Entomolo- 

 gist's Compendium." Two more important works shortly after appeared, 

 namely, "Illustrations of British Entomology," by Jas. F. Stephens, E.L.S., 

 and " British Entomology," by John Curtis, E.L.S. In the latter are figures 

 of the following butterflies, most admirably executed, viz. : — Podalirius, 

 Cralagi, Rhamni, Hyale, Daplidice, Hero (not a British species), 

 Arcanius (another foreigner), Antiopa, Iris, Camilla (more properly 

 Sibylla), Aglaia (a very dark variety), Selene, Lucina, Pruni, Dispar, and 

 Action. The former author, whilst considering it absurd to consider 

 Podalirius any longer to be a British species, yet figures and admits 

 Colias Philodice, a native of America. 



The other most useful works of the present c ntury are, viz. : — "Intro- 

 duction to Entomology," by Messrs. Kirby and Spence ; " An Introduction to 

 the Modern Classification of Insects," by J. 0. Westwood, Professor of 

 Zoology to the University of Oxford, and the greatest of British entomo- 

 logists ; Miss Jermyn's " Entomologist's Vade Mecum " ; " British Butter- 

 flies," by Messrs. Humphreys and Westwood, in 1841 ; Stainton's "Manual," 



