Angioptera, the Lepidoptera, Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera. In this 

 work, however, generic characters were first given. In successive editions he 

 continued to improve upon this outline : in the fourth, he finally settled the 

 the number and denominations of his orders, and also their limits. His 

 system, being founded upon the absence or presence and characters of the 

 organs for flight, is in some degree a republication of the Aristotelian, and 

 may be called the Alary system. The 2nd edition was published in 1740, 

 the 3rd in 1740, the 4th in 1744, the 5th in 1747, the 6th in 1748, the 7th 

 in 1748, the 8th in 1753, the 9th in 1756, the 10th in 1758, the 11th in 

 1760, the 12th in 1766. 



Quite a new turn was given to the science of natural history by the publi- 

 cation of the "Systema and Fundamenta Botanica of Linnaeus" in 1735. 

 Nor were the learned world determined how they should receive these extra- 

 ordinary productions, when in 1737 the same author, without any other 

 support than his own transcendent merit, fixed the attention of all Europe 

 by his "Critica Botanica/' "Genera Plantarum," " Hortus Cliffortianum," 

 " Flora Lapponica," and " Methodus Sexalis ; five works, the produce of 

 one year, each of which would alone have been sufficient to have immortalized 

 its author, and in the composition of which a man's whole life might have 

 been thought to have been usefully employed. But in no respect were the 

 labours of Linnaeus more beneficial to science and zoology in particular, than 

 when he undertook to describe the animals of his own country. His " Fauna 

 Suecica," published in 1746, is an admirable exemplar, which greatly stimu- 

 lated the zoologists of other countries to study their native productions. 

 The last public exertion of Linnaeus was a beautiful oration delivered before 

 the University of Upsala, when he resigned his office of Rector. This was 

 in the latter part of the year 1772, in the 65th year of his age, six years 

 before his death, which took place on the 10th January, 1778. 



Before his death he was elected a member of twenty academies, including 

 the three of his own country, and in 1753 was dubbed a Knight of the Polar 

 Star by the King of Sweden's own hand. Linnaeus had many pupils, whom he 

 persuaded to travel all over the world ; he himself travelled over Lapland, all 

 Sweden, part of Norway, Denmark, Germany, Holland, France, and England, 

 in search of knowledge. The most useful of his works to the Entomologist 

 are the "Fauna Suecica" and the " Systema Naturae."" In the last edition 

 of the latter he has included more than 3000 species of insects, classed them, 

 divided them into genera and species, described them, marked the places 

 where they are to be found, the plants they feed on, their transformations, 

 and cited the authors who have treated of them. 



