1889.} 



THE YOUNG NATURALIST. 



53 



structures are seen. It is impossible to describe the forms of the 

 various parts, they must be seen to be understood. 



Perhaps before going further, it will be as well if I go through a 

 few of the species I have tried. At first I took anything that came to 

 hand, to make myself familiar with the structure of the organs. Then 

 my first real experiment was on the genus Lyoena, but owing to a 

 want of knowledge, and the difficulty in preparing these specimens, I 

 left them, merely mentioning in passing, the lovely Lycmna cegon, the 

 most distinct of the group, the inferior appendage of which takes the 

 form of a most perfectly toothed cockscomb. 



I next took the genus Hepialus — the Swifts. Although these are 

 quite different as far as external appearances are concerned, in colour- 

 ing and marking, they were well suited to prove the value of my 

 method. The following is a description of what I found ; figures 

 would perhaps be better understood : — 



Humuli. — *Sup. app. broad, rounded; inf. app. broad and toothed; 

 anal flap short, small, and rounded. 



Velleda. — Sup. app. longer, oblong shaped ; inf. app. narrow, elon- 

 gated, toothed ; flap longer than humuli, oblong rounded. 



Sylvdnus, — Sup. app. oblong as a peduncle ; inf. app. narrow, 

 produced to a point, sword shaped ; flap pointed, and very small. 



Lupulinus. — Sup. app. bolster shaped ; inf. app. pointed and 

 toothed, somewhat similar to Velleda ; flap broadly pointed. 



Hectus quite uncharacteristic of the genus. Sup. app. pointed and 

 produced ; inf. app. equally broadly pointed, but rounded at the tip, 

 not toothed ; flap similar to Lupulinus. 



This I considered highly satisfactory. Having the majority of the 

 T^niocamp^;, I next took this group, the parts of which though more 

 elaborate, were equally distinct 



Gothica. — Sup. app. simple ; inf. app. slender, bent and toothed ; 

 flap triangular on peduncle. 



Rubricosa. — Sup. app. simple ; inf. app. elongated, narrow, cut-off, 

 curved; flap long peduncle, suddenly broadened, and rounded at 

 tips. 



Populeti — Sup. app antler shaped ; inf. app. elongated, narrow, 

 curved, pointed ; flap gradually broadened, and cut off at broadest 

 point. 



Munda. — Sup. app. antler shaped ; inf. app. elongated, curved, 

 broadens and becomes suddenly pointed ; flap elongated, not pointed. 



* Sup. App.- Superior, or outer appendages. 

 Inf. App. — Inferior, or inner appendages. 



