54 



THE YOUNG NATURALIST. 



Cruda. — Sup. app. simple ; inf. app. long, narrow and beaked ; 

 flap very long, and tapering to a point. 



The next group I tried were the three large Argynnis : — 



Paphia. — Inf. app. oblong, round, covered with rough file-like pro- 

 jections ; anal flap much toothed, like a deer's antler. 



Adippe. — Inf. app. long and slender, covered with rough file-like 

 projections, slightly bent in the centre ; flap like a bird's beak, no 

 teeth, but rough for a short space. 



Aglaia. — Inf. app. in the shape of a right angle, very broad at the 

 base, and narrow at the side, only toothed on the margin ; flap beak 

 shaped, abruptly pointed, rough on a larger portion than preceding. 



When I arrived at this stage, the controversy re Zygcena meliloti 

 was at its height. I was very anxious to try this genus, but the great 

 difficulty I had experienced with filipendulce, in getting the different 

 organs sufficiently soft and transparent, made me nervous of getting 

 any satisfactory results ; but I started with what I had, and appealed 

 to Mr. W. H. Tugwell for help. This gentleman, though a perfect 

 stranger to me, with true generosity took meliloti from his cabinet, and 

 sent them to me, with specimens of exulans, thereby completing the 

 whole series of the genus. I cannot allow this opportunity to pass 

 without expressing my extreme gratitude to him, without whose help 

 this paper could not have been completed at present. With the 

 material now at my disposal, I set to work, and in about three months 

 was rewarded by proving to my entire satisfaction, that as far as 

 structure was concerned, the whole of the Zygcenas are distinct species, 

 there being the widest possible difference between meliloti and trifolii, 

 substantiating the keen sense of discrimination of the late Henry 

 Doubleday. I would also add here that a short time ago, 

 I was examining the late Alfred Owen's collection, and among his 

 series of meliloti is a specimen labelled "bred from a larva sent me from 

 the New Forest by S. J. Capper, A.O." there is no doubt about the 

 species in this bred specimen, which is a typical meliloti, and is now in 

 the rich collection of Mr. S. J. Capper of this city. Thus proving 

 that meliloti fed away from its native home will still produce meliloti. 



The anal appendages of the Zycena contain the following parts 

 sup. app., inf. app., penis collar, a scaley organ covered with file-like 

 teeth and penis, and may be divided into two groups : — 



A. Inf. app. produced beyond the flap. 



B. Inf. app. very long and slender ; collar with large teeth : Filipendulce. 

 BB. Inf. app. shorter, stouter than preceding ; collar small, teeth very 



small ; Exulans, 



