200 TREATISE ON THE CULTURE' AND 



be hollowed like a difh, filled with water, and kept every 

 other day flirred j but it ought to be remembered, that k 

 fhould not be expofed to the froft, or drying winds ; and the 

 oftener it is (Hired and wrought the better. 



Of late years, fome perfons have made ufe of* another Com- 

 pofition for grafting, which they have found to anfwer the 

 intention of keeping out the air better than the clay before 

 defcribed. This is compofed of turpentine, bees-wax, and 

 rofm, melted together ; which, when of a proper confidence, 

 may be put on the flock round the graft, in the fame manner 

 as the clay is ufually applied ; and, though it be riot above a 

 quarter of an inch thick, it will keep out the air more 

 effectually than the clay ; and, as cold will harden this, there 

 'js no danger of its being hurt by frofl, which is very apt to 

 caufe the clay to cleave, and fometimes to fall off; and, when 

 the heat of the Summer comes on, this mixture will melt, and 

 fall off without any trouble. In the ufmg of this, there fhould 

 be a tin or copper pot, with conveniency under it to keep a 

 very gentle fire with fmall coal ; other wife the cold will foon 

 condenfe the mixture : but you mud be careful not to apply 

 it too hot, left you injure the graft. A perfon who is a little 

 accuflomed to this Compofition will apply it very faft ; and 

 it is much eafier for him to work with than clay, especially if 

 the feafon mould prove cold. 



There are feveral ways of grafting, but four principal ones ; 

 [See Plate XL] 



i . Grafting in the rind, called alfo fhoulder-grafting ; 

 which is only proper for large trees : this is called crown- 

 grafting, becaufe the grafts are fet in form of a circle, or 

 crown ; and it is generally performed about the latter end of 

 March, or the beginning of April. 



2. Cleft- 



