$34 OBSERVATIONS Ott THE DISEASES ,&c. 



the ground, ten inches ; and at fix feet, nine inches and a 

 half; while one of the largeft of the latter meafures only five 

 feet and a half high, and three inches and three quarters in 

 circumference, at fix inches from the ground. This is a con- 

 vincing proof, that tranfplanting and heading down oaks is 

 the moft fuccefsful and advantageous way of treating them ; 

 and by it they are fooner out of danger from cattle, as well 

 as from vermine, which are frequently very injurious to young 

 trees. 



Of ralfing Chefnuts for Underwood, 



As the Chefnut is the beft and moft durable wood for 

 ftakes, hop-poles, &c. I fhall give fome directions how to 

 plant them to the belt advantage for copfe wood. 



For this ptirpofe, the ground fhould be trenched, or 

 ploughed, and well fummer-fallowed. After the fall of the 

 leaf, plant the young trees in the Quincunx order, in rows 

 fix feet apart, and at the diftance of fix feet in the rows from 

 plant to plant. If you are forming large plantations, the 

 moft expeditious way will be to plant after the plough, 

 treading the earth firmly about the roots of the plants. It will 

 be neceffary to form bafms round the plants on purpofe to 

 mulch them, if it lhould happen to be a dry feafon the firft 

 Summer after planting. It may, perhaps, be a faving of 

 time to put the plants in loofely at firft, that you may be 

 able to keep up with the plough, and to return afterwards to 

 tread the mould, and form the bafms for mulching. 



When the trees are become fit for poles, every other one 

 may be cut down almoft clofe to the ground, throughout the 



planta- 



